The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012. Concept introduction: Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

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Why did the multistage meningitis linked to steroid injections in 2012 cause so such severe disease and death?

For each of the following situations, identify classification of disease it reflects: A. EpidemicB. SporadicC. EpizooticD. PandemicE. Endemic 7. 22 cases of Legionellosis occurred within 3 weeks among residents of a particular neighborhood(usually 0 to 1 per year)8. The average annual incidence of Community Acquired Pneumonia is 134 cases per 100,000population since 2011.9. The common cold is described to be commonly present in Baguio City10. Single case of Histoplasmosis was diagnosed in a community11. About 60 cases of gonorrhea are usually reported in City A per week, slightly less than the nationalaverage12. Over 20 million people worldwide died from influenza in 1918 – 191913. Over 44 out of the 80 provinces in the Philippines have a usual prevalence of Lymphatic Filariasis14. The recent flash flood was pinpointed as the cause of the rising cases of anxiety among residentsaging 30-50 years old, whether male or female15. A case of Capillariasis (usually endemic in locations near…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 2CTQ

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections occurred in 2012.

Concept introduction:

Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, three protective layers of the nervous system. Bacteria cause most serious forms of meningitis. It is facilitated by the previous infection with respiratory viruses. Some forms of meningitis are also caused by viruses.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The way through which improper chemical and physical control played a major role in the outbreak.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, several cases of culture-free meningitis were reported and all of them had received epidural steroid injection which was compounded with preservative-free methylprednisolone acetate solution at New England Compounding Center.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether portal of entry plays any role in the spread of meningitis.

Concept introduction:

In 2012, meningitis outbreak sickened over 800 people and caused the death of 76 people. It was found that these individuals received epidural injections of steroids which were prepared in the New England Compounding Center.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 19.1 - Describe the important anatomical features of the...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 2AYP Ch. 19.2 - Discuss the current state of knowledge regarding...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 4AYP Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 5AYP Ch. 19.3 - Discuss important features of meningoencephalitis,...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 7AYP Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 8AYP Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 9AYP Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 10AYP

Solution Summary: The author describes the causative agent and mode of transmission behind the multistate meningitis outbreak linked to steroid injections.

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