Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 2AC
Applying the Concepts
2. During major floods, only the topmost branches of submerged trees may be visible above the. water. If you were asked to sketch the branches below the surface of the water solely on the basis of the positions of the exposed tips, you would be attempting a reconstruction somewhat similar to the “family tree” by which systematists link various organisms according to their common ancestors (analogous to branching points). What sources of error do both exercises share? What advantages do modern systematists have?
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Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree
Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms.
Plant Group
Photosynthesis?
Seeds?
Water-conducting Tissue?
Flowers?
Ferns
X
Gymnosperms
Mosses
Angiosperms
Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions.
A
В
What characteristic appears just before group C branches off (the starred location)?
flowers
water conducting tissue
seeds
O photosynthesis
Please answer question 3
Create a hypothetical phylogenetic tree.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - Origin of a Killer Analysis of nucleotide...Ch. 19.1 - explain why scientific names are necessary?Ch. 19.1 - Analysis of human chromosome 2 revealed that it...Ch. 19.1 - describe the type of similarities that...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 19.2 - explain how scientists discovered that prokaryotes...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 19.3 - Prob. 1HYEW
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 19 - Applying the Concepts The pressures created by...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 19 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19 - What contributions did Linnaeus and Darwin make to...Ch. 19 - Applying the Concepts 2. During major floods, only...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 19 - To be informative for reconstructing the phylogeny...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RQCh. 19 - Consider the following list of groups: (1)...Ch. 19 - In Linnaean classification, the eight major...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19 - What techniques might you use to determine whether...Ch. 19 - Systematists determine the evolutionary...Ch. 19 - In modern systematics, classifications are...Ch. 19 - Only a small fraction of the total number of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 19 - Which of the following includes all the domains...Ch. 19 - In England, daddy longlegs refers to a long-legged...Ch. 19 - The number of named species is about ________, but...Ch. 19 - Why are species designations of asexually...
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- Evolutionary Group(s) Refer to figure 2 on page 2 of the lab. What color(s) is/are this organism? Does it contain chlorphyll? Is there a "photosymbiont" present (refer to the lichens of Wisconsin guide) Describe the structure and composition of this organism - does it have leaves, roots, thallus, rhizine, mycelia, fruiting bodies (etc.) How else might you distinguish this organism from another organism in this table Lichen Fungi Slime Mold Plantsarrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms X Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. D A В Being able to do photosynthesis is an example of a: O shared derived character O shared ancestral characterarrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Seeds? Plant Group Photosynthesis? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses X Angiosperms X Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. D В Which plant group belongs at position "B"? mosses gymnosperms angiosperms fernsarrow_forward
- Question:- Do you think, autapomorphy conveys a lot of information about phylogenetic relations hip? Please explain the reasoning.arrow_forwardAssignment #1: Build a phylogenetic tree (showing all the steps) based on the morphological characters exhibited (and listed) below. Indicate the synapomorphies, symplesiomorphies, homoplasy, and autapomorphies (if any): MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER 1. Flower (color: black or white) 2. Leaf margin (unlobed or lobed) 3. Pollen colpi (monosulcate or tricolpate) 4. Roots (less than 1 mm thick or tuberous) 5. petals (number: 3 or 5) 6. Phyllotaxy (alternate or opposite) 7. Perianth parts (separate or fused) 8. Stems (glabrous or pubescent) A B C E H PLESIOMORPHIC APOMORPHIC 1887- Characters taka 2 3 4 5 ما า 8 1001 Out 0 A B 0 0 0 D A 0 C 0 V 01 00 D 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 F OUTGROUP *88*1 Ο 0 о G 0 0 H A 0 0 1 0arrow_forwardOn a phylogenetic tree, which term refers to lineages that diverged from the same place? sister taxa basal taxa rooted taxa dichotomous taxaarrow_forward
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- Question:- If a phylogenetic tree includes 10 species, each of which is a terminal node, how many clades does it contain? 20 9 cant tell millions 10arrow_forwardCacti vs. Euphorbs Describe 3 general similarities (analogous structures) you observed between Cacti & Euphorbs. Now, identify a specific example -- 1 Cactus species and 1 Euphorb species -- that look especially similar. List their names and clearly describe how they are alike. What environmental pressures likely drove the development of these similar traits? Explain. Now, what makes these two families different? Fill in the table below based on the lab’s video lecture or your personal observations:arrow_forwardPlease answer question 4arrow_forward
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