Ion regulation is a key feature of kidney function. What happens to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if extracellular K + levels decrease? [p. 249]

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1CC

Ion regulation is a key feature of kidney function. What happens to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if extracellular K⁺ levels decrease? [p. 249]

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.

Conclusion

The lower K⁺ levels in the extracellular space causes hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1CC

Ion regulation is a key feature of kidney function. What happens to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if extracellular K⁺ levels decrease? [p. 249]

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.

Conclusion

The lower K⁺ levels in the extracellular space causes hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1CC

Ion regulation is a key feature of kidney function. What happens to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if extracellular K⁺ levels decrease? [p. 249]

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.

Conclusion

The lower K⁺ levels in the extracellular space causes hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1CC

Ion regulation is a key feature of kidney function. What happens to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if extracellular K⁺ levels decrease? [p. 249]

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.

Conclusion

The lower K⁺ levels in the extracellular space causes hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential.

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Answer 5

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Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.

Conclusion

The lower K⁺ levels in the extracellular space causes hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.

Conclusion

The lower K⁺ levels in the extracellular space causes hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To determine: The condition of resting membrane potential when the extracellular potassium ion level decreases.

Introduction: Resting membrane potential (RMP) describes the voltage difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at rest. It is a result of distribution of charged particles.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential of -70 millivolts. The RMP of living cells is determined by the K⁺ concentration gradient and the cell’s resting permeability to Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^-.

An alteration in either K⁺ concentration gradient or ion permeability changes the membrane potential. For example, if the extracellular K⁺ levels decrease, the resting membrane potential will be more negative. This change in cell’s membrane potential is known as hyperpolarization.