Chapter 19, Problem 19.43QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complex that have greater crystal field splitting has to be given from give set of complexes, ${{\text{[Co(NH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3+}}{\text{ or [Co(CN)}}_{\text{6}}{\text{]}}^{\text{3-}}$.

Explanation of Solution

Crystal field splitting energy is a required energy to split the $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels.

The strong ligands are split $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels for greater extent so the complexes having greater crystal field splitting.

If two complexes containing same metal means, the higher positive charged metal has a greater crystal field splitting and other than 4^th period transition elements having greater crystal field splitting in the order or up to down in the periodic table.

Reason for the correct option:

${{\text{[Co(CN)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3-}}$ complex has stronger ligand so it has greater crystal field splitting from given set of complexes.

Reason for the incorrect option:

In ${{\text{[Co(NH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3+}}$ complex, ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ is weaker ligand than ${\text{CN}}^{-}$ so it has lesser crystal field splitting.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complex that have greater crystal field splitting has to be given from give set of complexes, ${{\text{[Cr(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}\text{or}{\text{ [Cr(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}{\text{]}}^{\text{3+}}$.

Explanation of Solution

Crystal field splitting energy is a requited energy to split the $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels.

The strong ligands are split $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels for greater extent so the complexes having greater crystal field splitting.

If two complexes containing same metal means, the higher positive charged metal has a greater crystal field splitting and other than 4^th period transition elements having greater crystal field splitting in the order or up to down in the periodic table.

Reason for the correct option:

${{\text{[Cr(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3+}}$ complex has higher charge so it has greater crystal field splitting from given set of complexes.

Reason for the incorrect option:

In ${{\text{[Cr(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}$ complex, lesser charge so it has lesser crystal field splitting.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complex that have greater crystal field splitting has to be given from give set of complexes, ${{\text{[Fe(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}\text{or }{{\text{[Ru(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}$.

Explanation of Solution

Crystal field splitting energy is a requited energy to split the $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels.

The strong ligands are split $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels for greater extent so the complexes having greater crystal field splitting.

If two complexes containing same metal means, the higher positive charged metal has a greater crystal field splitting and other than 4^th period transition elements having greater crystal field splitting in the order or up to down in the periodic table.

Reason for the correct option:

${{\text{[Ru(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}$ complex has 5^th period metal so it has greater crystal field splitting from given set of complexes than ${{\text{[Fe(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}$.

Reason for the incorrect option:

In ${{\text{[Fe(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}$ complex, has 4^th period transition metal so it has lesser crystal field splitting than ${{\text{[Ru(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{2+}}$.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complex that have greater crystal field splitting has to be given from give set of complexes, ${{\text{[CrF}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3-}}{\text{ or [Cr(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}{\text{]}}^{\text{3+}}$.

Explanation of Solution

Crystal field splitting energy is a requited energy to split the $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels.

The strong ligands are split $\text{d}$ orbitals in to ${\text{t}}_{\text{2}}\text{g}\text{or}{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{e}}_{\text{g}}\text{or}\text{E}$ levels for greater extent so the complexes having greater crystal field splitting.

If two complexes containing same metal means, the higher positive charged metal has a greater crystal field splitting and other than 4^th period transition elements having greater crystal field splitting in the order or up to down in the periodic table.

Reason for the correct option:

${{\text{[Cr(H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O)}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3+}}$ complex has stronger ligand so it has greater crystal field splitting from given set of complexes.

Reason for the incorrect option:

In ${{\text{[CrF}}_{\text{6}}\text{]}}^{\text{3-}}$ complex, has a weaker ligand so it has lesser crystal field splitting.