
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Concept introduction:
Grignard reagents are

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with
The reduction of butyraldehyde takes place to form the product. The reaction is shown below.
Figure 1
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
(b)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Concept introduction:
The gain of electrons involved in the particular reaction is termed as reduction. The reduction process also involves the removal of an electronegative atom from a molecule followed by the hydrogen atom addition into that molecule.

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with
The reduction of butyraldehyde takes place to form the product. The reaction is shown below.
Figure 2
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
(c)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and alkaline
Concept introduction:
Oxidation is the process of addition of oxygen. Oxidation is also defined as loss of electrons. In the oxidation process, there is increase in the oxidation state. The acid is added in the reaction for protonation.
The oxidizing agent is defined as the species which oxidizes others and itself gets reduced.

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with
Figure 3
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and alkaline
(d)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and aqueous
Concept introduction:
Oxidation is the process of addition of oxygen. Oxidation is also defined as loss of electrons. In the oxidation process, there is increase in the oxidation state. The acid is added in the reaction for protonation.
The oxidizing agent is defined as the species which oxidizes others and itself gets reduced.

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and aqueous
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with aqueous
Figure 4
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and aqueous
(e)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Concept introduction:
Oxime belongs to the family of imines. The formula of oxime is

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with . When the
is high then the product formed is an
is low then the product is not formed. The reaction is shown below.
Figure 5
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
(f)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Concept introduction:
Oxidation is the process of addition of oxygen. Oxidation is also defined as loss of electrons. In the oxidation process, there is increase in the oxidation state. The acid is added in the reaction for protonation.
The oxidizing agent is defined as the species which oxidizes others and itself gets reduced.

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with
Figure 6
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
(g)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and zinc amalgam in the presence of
Concept introduction:
Clemmensen reduction is defined as the reduction in which aldehydes or

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and zinc amalgam in the presence of
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with zinc amalgam in the presence of
Figure 7
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and zinc amalgam in the presence of
(h)
Interpretation:
The product formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Concept introduction:
The Wittig reaction is the

Answer to Problem 19.41AP
The geometrical isomers are formed in the reaction of butyraldehyde and
Explanation of Solution
Butyraldehyde reacts with
Figure 8
Butyraldehyde reacts with
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 19 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- The statements in the tables below are about two different chemical equilibria. The symbols have their usual meaning, for example AG stands for the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction and K stands for the equilibrium constant. In each table, there may be one statement that is faise because it contradicts the other three statements. If you find a false statement, check the box next to t Otherwise, check the "no false statements" box under the table. statement false? AG"1 no false statements: statement false? AG-0 0 InK-0 0 K-1 0 AH-TAS no false statements 2arrow_forwardComplete the following esterification reactions by drawing the line formulas of the carboxylic acid and alcohol required to form the ester shown. catalyst catalyst catalyst apricot fragrancearrow_forwardShow the saponification products of the following ester: You don't need to draw in the Na+ cation. catalyst, A catalyst, A catalyst, Aarrow_forward
- What would happen if the carboxylic acid and alcohol groups were on the same molecule? In essence, the molecule reacts with itself. Draw the structure of the products formed in this manner using the reactants below. If two functional groups interact with one another on the same molecule, this is called an “intramolecular" (within one) rather than "intermolecular" (between two or more) attack. OH OH catalyst OH HO catalyst catalyst HO OHarrow_forwardQ3: Write in the starting alkyl bromide used to form the following products. Include any reactants, reagents, and solvents over the reaction arrow. If more than one step is required, denote separate steps by using 1), 2), 3), etc. H OH racemic OH OH 5 racemicarrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of the SO3-O(CH3)2 complex shown in the bottom right of slide 2in lecture 3-3 (“Me” means a CH3 group) – include all valence electron pairs and formal charges.From this structure, should the complex be a stable molecule? Explain.arrow_forward
- please add appropriate arrows, and tell me clearly where to add arrows, or draw itarrow_forwardWhat I Have Learned Directions: Given the following reaction and the stress applied in each reaction, answer the question below. A. H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g) Stress applied: Decreasing the pressure 1. What is the Keq expression? 2. What will be the effect in the number of moles of HCl(g)? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction? B. Fe3O4(s) + 4 H2(g) + heat 53 Fe(s) + 4 H₂O(g) Stress applied: Increasing the temperature 1. What is the Keq expression?. 2. What will be the effect in the volume of water vapor collected? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction? C. 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g) + heat Stress applied: Increasing the volume of the container 1. What is the Keq expression?. 2. What will be the effect in the amount of H₂O? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction?arrow_forwardConsider the solubility products (Ksp values) for the following compounds:SrSO4 (Ksp = 7.6 x 10−7), BaSO4 (Ksp = 1.5 x 10−9), SrCO3 (Ksp = 7.0 x 10−10), BaCO3 (Ksp = 1.6 x 10−9)Which anion is the harder base, CO32− or SO42−? Justify your answer.arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





