Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To prepare a buffer with $\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]\approx \text{1}\text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{-9}}\text{M}$ , specific acid-base conjugate pairs has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Buffer solution:

  An aqueous solution consisting mixture of weak base and its conjugate acid or weak acid and its conjugate base.  Its $\text{pH}$ value changes very small when a small amount of strong base or an acid added to it.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To prepare a buffer with $\left[{\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}\right]\approx \text{3}\text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{-5}}\text{M}$ , specific acid-base conjugate pairs has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Buffer solution:

  An aqueous solution consisting mixture of weak base and its conjugate acid or weak acid and its conjugate base.  Its $\text{pH}$ value changes very small when a small amount of strong base or an acid added to it.