Chapter 19, Problem 19.126SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The total charge consumed for completion of electrolysis has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

• The amount of electrical charge that is passing through a circuit depends upon the amount and time of the flow of current.  The electrical charge is measured in Coulomb.

  $\text{Q=}\frac{\text{I}}{\text{t}}$

  Where,

  $\text{Q}$ is the charge in Coulomb

  $\text{I}$ is the current in Ampere

  $\text{t}$ is the time in second

• Mole is the mass of the substance that is having Avogadro number of particles.  The number of moles of a given substance can be calculated by dividing its weight to molecular weight.
• Faradays First law of electrolysis says that the quantity of substance deposited on an electrode is proportional to the charge passed through the solution.

  $\text{m = Z}\times \text{Q}$

  Where,

  $\text{m}$ is the amount of substance liberated

  $\text{Q}$ is the quantity of charge passed

  $\text{Z}$ is the electrochemical equivalence of the substance

• Ideal gas equation is an equation that is describing the state of a imaginary ideal gas.

  ${\text{PV}}_{}\text{=n RT}$

  Where,

  $\text{P}$ is the pressure of the gas

  $\text{V}$ is the volume

  $\text{n}$ is the number of moles of gas

  $\text{R}$ is the universal gas constant $\text{(R=0}{\text{.0821LatmK}}^{\text{-1}}{\text{mol}}^{\text{-1}})$

  $\text{T}$ is the temperature

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The time required for completion of electrolysis has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

• The amount of electrical charge that is passing through a circuit depends upon the amount and time of the flow of current.  The electrical charge is measured in Coulomb.

  $\text{Q=}\frac{\text{I}}{\text{t}}$

  Where,

  $\text{Q}$ is the charge in Coulomb

  $\text{I}$ is the current in Ampere

  $\text{t}$ is the time in second

• Mole is the mass of the substance that is having Avogadro number of particles.  The number of moles of a given substance can be calculated by dividing its weight to molecular weight.
• Faradays First law of electrolysis says that the quantity of substance deposited on an electrode is proportional to the charge passed through the solution.

  $\text{m = Z}\times \text{Q}$

  Where,

  $\text{m}$ is the amount of substance liberated

  $\text{Q}$ is the quantity of charge passed

  $\text{Z}$ is the electrochemical equivalence of the substance

• Ideal gas equation is an equation that is describing the state of a imaginary ideal gas.

  ${\text{PV}}_{}\text{=n RT}$

  Where,

  $\text{P}$ is the pressure of the gas

  $\text{V}$ is the volume

  $\text{n}$ is the number of moles of gas

  $\text{R}$ is the universal gas constant $\text{(R=0}{\text{.0821LatmK}}^{\text{-1}}{\text{mol}}^{\text{-1}})$

  $\text{T}$ is the temperature

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The amount of ${\text{Mg(OH)}}_2$ formed has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

• The amount of electrical charge that is passing through a circuit depends upon the amount and time of the flow of current.  The electrical charge is measured in Coulomb.

  $\text{Q=}\frac{\text{I}}{\text{t}}$

  Where,

  $\text{Q}$ is the charge in Coulomb

  $\text{I}$ is the current in Ampere

  $\text{t}$ is the time in second

• Mole is the mass of the substance that is having Avogadro number of particles.  The number of moles of a given substance can be calculated by dividing its weight to molecular weight.
• Faradays First law of electrolysis says that the quantity of substance deposited on an electrode is proportional to the charge passed through the solution.

  $\text{m = Z}\times \text{Q}$

  Where,

  $\text{m}$ is the amount of substance liberated

  $\text{Q}$ is the quantity of charge passed

  $\text{Z}$ is the electrochemical equivalence of the substance

• Ideal gas equation is an equation that is describing the state of a imaginary ideal gas.

  ${\text{PV}}_{}\text{=n RT}$

  Where,

  $\text{P}$ is the pressure of the gas

  $\text{V}$ is the volume

  $\text{n}$ is the number of moles of gas

  $\text{R}$ is the universal gas constant $\text{(R=0}{\text{.0821LatmK}}^{\text{-1}}{\text{mol}}^{\text{-1}})$

  $\text{T}$ is the temperature