Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 15TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The study of the genetic contribution to disease in populations of Finland or Iceland is much easier as opposed to that of the United States.
Introduction: A genetic disease or disorder can result from deviations or abnormalities in the genetic makeup of an organism. These abnormalities in the genome can be caused as a result of Mutations. These mutations when passed down across generations lead to the development of disease or disorder.
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Steven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA (S. A. Frank and L. D. Hurst. 1996. Nature 383:224). Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.
Name
crickets remain unnoticed by the parasitoid
flies. To test this idea, Robin dissected the
otS males to look for fly larvae. She compared
A infection levels for 67 normal males-
collected before the flatwing mutation
appeared in the population-to 122 flatwing
males that she collected after the flatwing
mutation appeared. She expected fewer
males to be infected by the parasitoid fly
after the appearance of the flatwing
mutation in the cricket population.
Scientific Questions: Why do most male
crickets on Kauai have flat wings? Could
parasitoid flies have contributed to the loss
of song for male crickets?
Figure 2: A parasitoid fly, Ormia
ochracea, sitting on top of its cricket
host, Teleogryllus oceanicus.
What is the hypothesis? Find the hypothesis
in the text and underline it. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for an observation,
which can then be tested with experimentation or other types of studies.
Scientific Data:
Use the data below to answer the scientific questions:…
What is a recent example of gene environment interaction that causes disease, prevent disease, promotes health? Must be physiological one.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 19.1 - Define what is meant by a populations gene pool.Ch. 19.1 - Distinguish among genotype, phenotype, and allele...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 19.1 - Can the frequencies of all genotypes in a...Ch. 19.1 - INTERPRET DATA In a human population of 1000, 840...Ch. 19.2 - Discuss the significance of the HardyWeinberg...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 19.2 - INTERPRET DATA In a population at genetic...Ch. 19.2 - INTERPRET DATA In a population at genetic...Ch. 19.2 - INTERPRET DATA The genotype frequencies of a...
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 19.3 - Discuss how each of the following...Ch. 19.3 - Distinguish among stabilizing selection,...Ch. 19.3 - Which microevolutionary force leads to adaptive...Ch. 19.3 - Why is mutation important to evolution if it is...Ch. 19.3 - Which microevolutionary forces are most associated...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 19.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 19.4 - How can researchers test the hypothesis that...Ch. 19 - The genetic description of an individual is its...Ch. 19 - In a diploid species, each individual possesses...Ch. 19 - The MN blood group is of interest to population...Ch. 19 - If a populations allele and genotype frequencies...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 19 - The continued presence of the allele that causes...Ch. 19 - According to the HardyWeinberg principle, (a)...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 19 - Mutation (a) leads to adaptive evolutionary change...Ch. 19 - Which of the following is not true of natural...Ch. 19 - If all copies of a given locus have the same...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 19 - EVOLUTION LINK Given that mutations are almost...Ch. 19 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 19 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 19 - EVOLUTION LINK Evolution is sometimes...Ch. 19 - INTERPRET DATA The recessive allele that causes...Ch. 19 - PREDICT You study males in populations of a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19TYU
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- Which type of mutation doesnt affect the ability of an organism to pass on its alleles to the next generation? a) beneficial mutation b) positve mutation c) deleterious mutation d) neutral mutation I have also attached a question down below. Please let me know if there is are any mistakes as I have a test tomorrowarrow_forwardGenetics is commonly seen as being grouped into several general areas: transmission, molecular, and population/evolution. Which biological processes are studied in transmission genetics?arrow_forwardIn 2003, the Human Genome Project was successfully completed, determining the exact sequence of the entire human genome, which is made up of 3 billion nucleotide base pairs. The data generated from the Human Genome Project is freely available online to anyone. Many pieces of research and innovations stemmed from the HGP, allowing the identifications of 1 800 disease genes. Many of the corporations using the results from the HGP are privately funded, and research is being done for profit even though the HGP results are provided freely. State one advantage and one disadvantage of corporate funding and patenting genetic research results.arrow_forward
- In the replica plate experiment, it shows that mutations are random. However, certain environmental stresses (such as high temperature, high salt, and low pH) can increase the mutation rate. QUESTIONS: Does increasing the mutation rate increase the probability that an individual mutation will be adaptive?arrow_forwardHow would the process of the double holiday junction model differ if identical DNA molecules were used in place of homologous ones? A.) Crossing over would NEVER be observed B.) No change the entire process would be the same C.) Gene conversion would never occur D.) Crossing over would ALWAYS be observed do not copy from othersarrow_forwardBased on the results of this study , which answer choice below is the best interpretation of the data that should be communicated to the publicarrow_forward
- Which evolutionary mechanisms (natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, or gene flow) would you need to understand to predict the success of genetically modified mosquitoes to: 1. Drive the mosquito population to extinction? 2. Replace the mosquito population with genetically modified mosquitoes that can not transmit malaria?arrow_forwardMicrobiologists have discovered that alleles associated with antibiotic resistance are present in bacteria that live in soil, even in environments that are comparatively free of antibiotic pollution from human activities. Why are such alleles present (albeit at low levels) in bacterial populations? Conversely, if resistance alleles are beneficial, why are they rare in natural populations of bacteria?arrow_forwardHow does the picture in a illustrate transmission genetics?arrow_forward
- Is gene transfer a form of eugenics? Is it advantageous to use gene transfer to eliminate some genetic disorders? Can this and other technology be used to influence the evolution of our species? Should there be guidelines for the use of genetic technology to control its application to human evolution? Who should create and enforce these guidelines?arrow_forwardHow can we detect recent strong selection in the human genome? Explain using the recent positive selection of the lactase persistence allele in some human populations.arrow_forwardEnlarge Image 100 Mutation causes variation Conditions do not favor some mutations Survivors reproduce Change in conditions do not favor some traits Survivors reproduce 1) This model shows the process of natural selection on rabbits demonstrating variation in fur color over several generations. Using the model, what most likely led to the loss of white furred rabbits in the population? A) XB) C) The white rabbits did not reproduce fast enough to survive. White was a recessive trait and therefore not passed on to any offspring. The white fur was a favorable trait but was never prevalent in the population. The rabbits with white fur had less camouflage in D) the environment and were more easily preyed on by predators. 2) If this model continues, with no major changes to the environment, what do you expect to happen? XA) Rabbits will continue to get lighter over time.arrow_forward
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