Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 13PIAT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The difference in the rates of the initiating transcription of the regulated gene between two nearly identical enhancers.
Introduction:
An enhancer is a regulatory sequence on the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) located far from the promoter base sequence. Like the core promoter sequence in eukaryotes, they also assist in initiating transcription. They get associated with transcriptional factors (proteins) during initiation of transcription.
Scientists discovered that enhancer associated with hair color has a binding site for a particular transcription factor. One form of the binding site has the sequence CACTAAAG and is associated with dark hair, and the other form of the binding site has the nearly identical sequence CGCTAAG and is associated with blond hair.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Examine Figure 17.7. What would be the effect on transcription if a mutation occurred in the gene that encodes GAL3, so that no functional GAL3 was produced?
Discuss the following argument: “if the expression of every gene depends on a set of transcription regulators, then the expression of these regulators must also depend on the expression of other regulators, and their expression must depend on the expression of still other regulators, and so on. cells would therefore need an infinite number of genes, most of which would code for transcription regulators.” how does the cell get by without having to achieve the impossible?
Explain using leucine zipper motifs as an example, how protein-protein interactions between
transcription factors containing such motifs can generate diversity in transcriptional activation.
Refer to the recognition of DNA elements in gene promoters to justify your answer. Assume
transcription factor A binds to DNA element A’, transcription factor B binds to DNA element B’, and
so forth.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 19 - What is chromatin? a. the histone-containing...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 19 - Compare and contrast the items in each pair: (a)...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYPSSCh. 19 - 10. QUANTITATIVE Imagine repeating the experiment...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12PIATCh. 19 - Prob. 13PIATCh. 19 - Prob. 14PIAT
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- Transcriptional regulators are proteins that bind to promoters (at the 5’ flanking regions of genes) to regulate their transcription. Assume that a particular transcription regulator normally promotes transcription of gene X that codes for a membrane transport protein. If a mutation makes this transcription regulator nonfunctional, would the resulting phenotype be similar to a deleterious mutation in the membrane transporter itself? Why or why not?arrow_forwardMethylation of H3K9 by itself silences genes, but if H3K4 and H4K20 are also methylated, the combination of modifications stimulates transcription. What conclusions can you draw about this?arrow_forwardThe transcription of a gene called YFG (your favoritegene) is activated when three transcription factors (TFA,TFB, TFC) interact to recruit the co-activator CRX. TFA,TFB, TFC, and CRX and their respective binding sitesconstitute an enhanceosome located 10 kb from the transcription start site. Draw a diagram showing how youthink the enhanceosome functions to recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter of YFG.arrow_forward
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- Most eukaryotic promoters have binding sites for several different transcription factors, and the frequency with which transcription is initiated at a promoter depends on the specific combination of transcriptional regulators bound to their binding sites in that promoter. Transcription of the slither gene in garter snakes is regulated by the transcriptional activators Python and Boa and the transcriptional repressor Sidewinder. Each of these proteins has one binding site in the slither promoter; the affinity of Boa for its binding site is 30 times higher than the affinity of Python for its binding site and 6 times higher than the affinity of Sidewinder for its binding site. Under conditions where Sidewinder is 10 times more abundant than Python, and Python is 3 times as abundant as Boa, would you expect transcription of the slither gene to be activated or repressed? Show or briefly explain how/why you predicted the outcome you chose.arrow_forwardYou are teaching a class on the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. In order to demonstrate this complex process, you decide to draw for the class a typical eukaryotic gene/transcription unit with its major regions, such as the promoter regions, where the RNA polymerase II and transcription factors would bind From the list given - choose all components that you think are part of a typical eukaryotic gene From the list given - choose all the regulatory sequences that you think would control the expression of this eukaryotic gene From the list given - choose all of the regulatory proteins that would bind the eukaryotic gene to control its expressionarrow_forwardConsider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect would a point mutation at any one of the bolded and underlined nucleotides disrupt termination of transcription? Group of answer choices Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, preventing the formation of the hairpin and disrupting termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would have no affect on base pairing, so the termination hairpin is formed and termination proceeds. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would not disrupt base pairing, but would prevent the formation of the hairpin and disrupt termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, but not affect the formation of the hairpin and termination proceeds.arrow_forward
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