Chapter 19, Problem 123SAE

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether a solution can be prepared that is 0.500 M in each of the four ions at 298 K or not should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Standard state potential of a reaction is the potential of the reaction under standard conditions. Standard conditions are chemical species in the reaction should have concentrations of 1 M, if gas present the pressure should be 1 bar at 298 K temperature. Reduction potential of a half cell/complete cell under non-standard conditions can be determined by Nernst equation.

$\text{E}={\text{E}}^0-\frac{2.303RT}{nF}\log Q$

Here,

E − cell potential

E⁰ − standard cell potential

R − universal gas constant

T − temperature in Kelvin

n − number of electrons transferred

F − Faraday constant

Q − reaction quotient

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The direction in which the net reaction occur should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Spontaneity of a cell reaction can be determined by the sign of the E⁰_cell value. If the sign is positive, then the forward reaction is spontaneous and if the sign is negative, forward reaction is non-spontaneous and the reverse reaction is spontaneous.