An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated. Concept Introduction: Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.12, Problem 14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation for the higher reactivity of fluorobenzene than chlorobenzene toward electrophilic substitution reaction and higher reactivity of chloromethylbenzene than fluoromethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Halogens are weakly deactivating. They donate electrons to the benzene ring by resonance and withdraw electrons from the ring inductively. Fluorine uses a 2p orbital to donate its electrons by resonance. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are less effective at donating electrons by resonance because they use 3p, 4p and 5p orbitals respectively. These orbitals do not overlap efficiently with 2p orbital of carbon.

Answer 8

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Answer 11

Ch. 18.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.3 - Why does hydration inactivate FeBr3?Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 4P Ch. 18.7 - What is the major product of a Friedel-Crafts...Ch. 18.9 - Describe two ways to prepare each of the following...Ch. 18.10 - Prob. 7P Ch. 18.11 - Name the following:Ch. 18.11 - Draw a structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.11 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.11 - Correct the following incorrect names: a....

Solution Summary: The author explains fluorobenzene's reactivity toward electrophilic substitution reactions, while chloromethyl is more reactive. Halogens are weakly deactivating substituents that donate electrons to the

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