Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 75P
Show how the following compounds can be prepared from the given starting materials. You can use any necessary organic or inorganic reagents.
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Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+):
CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l)
a) Given 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield?
b) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.25 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield?
c) The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?
Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l). The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 8.50 gof butanoic acid and excess ethanol? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures.
Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l)
Given 8.50 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.3 - Why does hydration inactivate FeBr3?Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 4PCh. 18.7 - What is the major product of a Friedel-Crafts...Ch. 18.9 - Describe two ways to prepare each of the following...Ch. 18.10 - Prob. 7PCh. 18.11 - Name the following:Ch. 18.11 - Draw a structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.11 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.11 - Correct the following incorrect names: a....
Ch. 18.12 - Prob. 14PCh. 18.12 - List the compounds in each set from most reactive...Ch. 18.13 - Prob. 16PCh. 18.13 - What product(s) result from nitration of each of...Ch. 18.13 - Prob. 18PCh. 18.13 - What products are obtained from the reaction of...Ch. 18.15 - Give the products, if any, of each of the...Ch. 18.16 - a. Does a coupling reaction have to be used to...Ch. 18.16 - Show how the following compounds can be...Ch. 18.16 - Prob. 24PCh. 18.17 - What is the major product(s) of each of the...Ch. 18.17 - Prob. 26PCh. 18.18 - Why isn't FeBr3 used as a catalyst in the first...Ch. 18.18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18.18 - Write the sequence of steps required for the...Ch. 18.18 - Show how the following compounds can be...Ch. 18.19 - What product is formed from reaction of...Ch. 18.19 - Prob. 33PCh. 18.19 - Draw the structure of the activated ring and the...Ch. 18.20 - Prob. 35PCh. 18.20 - Prob. 36PCh. 18.20 - Diazomethane can be used to convert a carboxylic...Ch. 18.21 - Prob. 38PCh. 18.21 - Prob. 39PCh. 18.21 - Prob. 40PCh. 18.22 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18 - Name the following:Ch. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - For each of the statements in Column I, choose a...Ch. 18 - What product is obtained from the reaction of...Ch. 18 - Draw the product(s) of each of the following...Ch. 18 - Rank the following substituted anilines from most...Ch. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Show how the following compounds can be...Ch. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - The compound with the 1H NMR spectrum shown below...Ch. 18 - Rank each group of compounds from most reactive to...Ch. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - For each of the following components, indicate the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 59PCh. 18 - Prob. 60PCh. 18 - Describe two ways to prepare anisole from benzene.Ch. 18 - Prob. 62PCh. 18 - The following tertiary alkyl bromides undergo an...Ch. 18 - An aromatic hydrocarbon with a molecular formula...Ch. 18 - Show how the following compounds can be...Ch. 18 - Use the four compounds shown below to answer the...Ch. 18 - a. Rank the following esters from most reactive to...Ch. 18 - A mixture of 0.10 mol benzene and 0.10 mol...Ch. 18 - Prob. 69PCh. 18 - Prob. 70PCh. 18 - Benzene underwent a Friedel-Crafts acylation...Ch. 18 - Prob. 72PCh. 18 - Prob. 73PCh. 18 - Friedel-Crafts alkylations can be carried out with...Ch. 18 - Show how the following compounds can be prepared...Ch. 18 - Prob. 76PCh. 18 - Prob. 77PCh. 18 - a. Describe four ways the following reaction can...Ch. 18 - Propose a mechanism for each of the following...Ch. 18 - How can you prepare the following compounds with...Ch. 18 - Describe how naphthalene can he prepared from the...Ch. 18 - Using resonance contributors for the carbocation...Ch. 18 - Prob. 83PCh. 18 - What reagents are required to carry out the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 85PCh. 18 - Prob. 86PCh. 18 - Prob. 87PCh. 18 - Propose a mechanism for each of the following...Ch. 18 - P-Fluoronitrobenzene is more reactive toward...Ch. 18 - When heated with chromic acid, compound A forms...Ch. 18 - Show how the following compounds can be prepared...Ch. 18 - How can you distinguish the following compounds...Ch. 18 - Describe how mescaline can be synthesized from...Ch. 18 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction...Ch. 18 - Propose a mechanism for each of the following...Ch. 18 - Describe how 3-methyl-1-phenyl-3-pentanol can he...Ch. 18 - An unknown compound reacts with ethyl chloride and...Ch. 18 - a. Explain why the following reaction leads to the...Ch. 18 - Explain why hydroxide ion catalyzes the reaction...Ch. 18 - Prob. 100PCh. 18 - Prob. 101PCh. 18 - a. How can aspirin be synthesized from benzene? b....Ch. 18 - Prob. 103PCh. 18 - Show how Novocain, a painkiller used frequently by...Ch. 18 - Prob. 105PCh. 18 - Saccharin, an artificial sweetener, is about 300...
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- Draw in the reagents for the following reactions and products. Ox dantarrow_forwardAcetals are formed from the reaction of two alcohols with a carbonyl under acidic conditions. Acetal formation is faster with 1,2-ethanediol than with two methanol molecules. Choose the factor that explains the difference in reaction rates. A) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a lower AH (enthalpy) of reaction. B) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a higher AH (enthalpy) of reaction. C) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a more favorable entropy of reaction.arrow_forwardDevise a synthesis for each compound, starting with methylenecyclohexane and any other reagents you need. cyclohexylmethanolarrow_forward
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- What cyclic product is formed when each 1,5-dicarbonyl compound is treated with aqueous −OH?arrow_forwardDevise a synthesis of each compound from ethanol (CH3CH2OH) as the only source of carbon atoms. You may use any other organic or inorganic reagents you choose.arrow_forwardEthyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Part A Given 7.30 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. Part B A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.95 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. Part C The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.30 gg of…arrow_forward
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