Laboratory Experiments for Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780321949912
Author: Theodore E. Brown, John H. Nelson, Kenneth C. Kemp
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 69AE
(a) What is the difference between a CFC and an HFC? (b) It is estimated that the lifetime for HFCs in the stratosphere is 2-7 years. Why is this number significant? (c)Why have HFCs been used to replace CFCs? (d) What is the major disadvantage of HFCs as replacements for CFCs?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Learn your wayIncludes step-by-step video
schedule05:38
Students have asked these similar questions
Loss of atmospheric ozone has led to an ozone “hole” overAntarctica. The process occurs in part by three consecutive reac-tions: (1) Chlorine atoms react with ozone (O₃) to form chlorinemonoxide and molecular oxygen. (2) Chlorine monoxide forms ClOOCl. (3) ClOOCl absorbs sunlight and breaks into chlorine atoms andmolecular oxygen.(a) Write a balanced equation for each step.(b) Write an overall balanced equation for the sequence.
a) Mention the different kinds of radiation from the sun and the role of ozone in the stratosphere.
b) Describe ground ozone and how it is formed.
c) Discuss which ozone is more harmful for humans.
Define the term troposphere?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Laboratory Experiments for Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Carbon monoxide, CO, is isoelectronic to N2. a....Ch. 18.1 - The energy-level diagram in Figure 9.36 shows that...Ch. 18.1 - A compound composed of 2.1 29.8%N, and 68.1%O has...Ch. 18.1 -
9.114 Sulfur tetrafluoride (SR4) reacts slowly...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1DECh. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - Prob. 2ECh. 18 - Prob. 3ECh. 18 - Prob. 4ECh. 18 - You have a gas at 25C confined to a cylinder with...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 6ECh. 18 - Prob. 7ECh. 18 - Prob. 8ECh. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10ECh. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 -
Gallium melts just above room temperature...Ch. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 19ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Do the reactions involved in ozone depletion...Ch. 18 - Which of the following reactions in the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 23ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Prob. 26ECh. 18 - Prob. 27ECh. 18 - Prob. 28ECh. 18 - Prob. 29ECh. 18 - 18.30 The first stage in corrosion of iron upon...Ch. 18 - Prob. 31ECh. 18 - Prob. 32ECh. 18 - Prob. 33ECh. 18 - (a) With respect to absorption of radiant energy,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 35ECh. 18 - Prob. 36ECh. 18 - Prob. 37ECh. 18 - Prob. 38ECh. 18 - Prob. 39ECh. 18 - Prob. 40ECh. 18 - Prob. 41ECh. 18 - Prob. 42ECh. 18 - Prob. 43ECh. 18 - Prob. 44ECh. 18 - List the common products formed when an organic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 46ECh. 18 - The organic anion is found in most detergents....Ch. 18 - Prob. 48ECh. 18 - Prob. 49ECh. 18 - Prob. 50ECh. 18 - Prob. 51ECh. 18 - Prob. 52ECh. 18 - Prob. 53ECh. 18 - Prob. 54ECh. 18 - Prob. 55ECh. 18 - Prob. 56ECh. 18 - Prob. 57ECh. 18 - Prob. 58ECh. 18 - Prob. 59ECh. 18 - Prob. 60ECh. 18 - Prob. 61ECh. 18 - Prob. 62ECh. 18 - Prob. 63AECh. 18 - Prob. 64AECh. 18 - Prob. 65AECh. 18 - Prob. 66AECh. 18 - Prob. 67AECh. 18 - Prob. 68AECh. 18 - (a) What is the difference between a CFC and an...Ch. 18 - Prob. 70AECh. 18 - Prob. 71AECh. 18 - Prob. 72AECh. 18 - Prob. 73AECh. 18 - Prob. 74AECh. 18 - Prob. 75AECh. 18 - Prob. 76AECh. 18 - Prob. 77AECh. 18 - Prob. 78AECh. 18 - Prob. 79AECh. 18 - Prob. 80IECh. 18 - Prob. 81IECh. 18 - Prob. 82IECh. 18 - Prob. 83IECh. 18 - Prob. 84IECh. 18 - Prob. 85IECh. 18 - Prob. 86IECh. 18 - The standard enthalpies of formation of...Ch. 18 - The main reason that distillation is a costly...Ch. 18 - Prob. 89IECh. 18 - The following data were collected for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 91IECh. 18 - Prob. 92IECh. 18 - Prob. 93IECh. 18 - Prob. 94IECh. 18 - Prob. 95IE
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
What were the major microbiological interests of Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky? It can be said tha...
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
20.1 Compare and contrast the terms in each of the following pairs:
population and gene pool
random mating and ...
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Why are the top predators in food chains most severely affected by pesticides such as DDT?
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) desi...
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
1.1 Write a one-sentence definition for each of the following:
a. chemistry
b. chemical
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS In a short essay (100-150 words), identify the factor or factors in Figure 53...
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is the biological importance of stratospheric ozone? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat properties of CFCs make them ideal for various commercialapplications but also make them a long-term problemin the stratosphere?arrow_forwardO3 is produced in the troposphere through the photochemical oxidation of NO2. The photolytically formed O3 reacts with NO to regenerate NO2through the following reaction:O3(g) + NO(g) → NO2(g) + O2(g) Calculate the equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction at 100 °C and 1 atm.arrow_forward
- Select from the following which steps are involved in the natural production of ozone in the stratosphere. (You may select multiple if needed) O 3 02 (g) → 2 03 (g) + photon3 0;(g) –20:(g) + photon O O2 (g) + O (g) + M → O3 (g) + M+heato,g) + O(g) - M→ 0,(g) + M+heat 0 0 (g) + 0 (g)+0 (g) → O3 (g) + heatog) - 0(g)- Og) → 03(g) + heat D 02 (g) + photon → 2O (g)02(3) + photon →2013) O 02 (g) + 0 (g) + photon → O3 (g)0(g) -O)+ photonarrow_forwardAverage ozone concentrations in Jakarta, Indonesia have been reported to be 0.015 mg m^-3 and in Tokyo, Japan are 20 ppbv. What is the approximate ratio of these two values when expressed in the same units?arrow_forwardWhich of the following reactions in the stratosphere causean increase in temperature there?(a) O(g) + O2(g)---->O3*(g)(b) O3*(g) + M(g)---->O3(g) + M*(g)(c) O2(g) + hv---->2O(g)(d) O(g) + N2(g)---->NO(g) + N(g)(e) All of the abovearrow_forward
- It requires 364 kJ/mol to break the chemical bond in HBr molecules. 1. What is the longest wavelength (in nm) of light that has enough energy to cause this bond to break? 2. Will HBr molecules in the troposphere be fragmented into atoms?arrow_forward1. What are the three main types of greenhouse gases, what are their respective characterization factors or global warming potential? 2. What is meant by the efficiency of a solar panel (PV) and what are the implications for a solar farm? 3. How is energy extracted from wind and what are the implications for a wind farm? 4. For a wind turbine, what is the impact of the wind speed on the electricity production and how does the design of the wind turbine dictate its efficiency? What control strategies can be used to optimise the performance of wind turbines? How can energy be extracted geothermally. Explain how geothermal energy can be utilised to contribute towards heat demand and what is the role of co-produced water. 5. 6.arrow_forwardThe concentration of SO2 in the troposphere over a certain region is 0.87 ppm by volume. The gas dissolves rainwater as follows: =2 SO2(g) + H2O(1) H*(aq) + HSO3¯¯(aq) Given that the equilibrium constant for the preceding reaction is 1.3 × 102, calculate the pH of the rainwater. Assume that the reaction does not affect the partial pressure of SO2. pH=5.6 Xarrow_forward
- A commercial 737 jet transporting 143 passengers and 5 crew members from Kansas city (MCI) to Baltimore (BWI) burned 11800 lb. of Jet A fuel. Jet A fuel is kerosene based, consisting primarily of CnH2n+2 hydrocarbons, with n = 6 to 16, so the Carbon:Hydrogen ratio is close to 1:2. During this flight , how much CO2 (in kg) was released into the atmosphere? (assume the combustion of fuel was complete, so all fuel was converted into H2O and CO2).arrow_forwardHalons are fluorocarbons that contain bromine, such asCBrF3. They are used extensively as foaming agents forfighting fires. Like CFCs, halons are very unreactive andultimately can diffuse into the stratosphere. (a) Based onthe data in Table , would you expect photodissociationof Br atoms to occur in the stratosphere? (b) Propose amechanism by which the presence of halons in the stratospherecould lead to the depletion of stratospheric ozone.arrow_forwardAt the temperatures that exist in the thermosphere , instruments would break down and astronautswould be killed. Yet satellites function in orbit there for manyyears and astronauts routinely repair equipment on space walks.Explain.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781285199023Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199023
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemical Equilibria and Reaction Quotients; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GiZzCzmO5Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY