Chapter 18, Problem 62E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mass of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ that must be produced $\text{1}\text{.0 }\times {\text{10}}^{\text{6}}$ kg of ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ by Ostwald process needs to be determined, if the 100 % yield is expected in each step.

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{4 NH}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(g)}}^{}+{\text{5 O}}_2{}_{\text{(g)}}^{}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{4 NO}}_{\text{(g)}}{\text{ + 6 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(g) }}\\ {\text{2 NO}}_{\text{(g)}}+{\text{ O}}_2{}_{\text{(g)}}^{}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{2 NO}}_{\text{2(g)}}\\ {\text{3 NO}}_{\text{2(g)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l) }}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ 2HNO}}_{\text{3(aq)}}+{\text{ NO}}_{\text{(g)}}\end{array}$

Concept Introduction:

In a chemical reaction the yield of product is determined with the help of limiting reagent. The Limiting reagent is the reactant that is present in limited amount and will determine the amount of product formed.

The mole concept of balance chemical equation is used to determine the yield of product in the chemical reaction.