Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The amount of ammonium nitrate in tons needed to release 1 million kJ of energy needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
From number of moles, mass can be calculated as follows:
Here, M is molar mass.
(b)
Interpretation:
The amount of TNT in tons to release the same amount of energy needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
From number of moles, mass can be calculated as follows:
Here, M is molar mass.
(c)
Interpretation:
The amount of U-235 in tons to obtain the same amount of energy needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
From number of moles, mass can be calculated as follows:
Here, M is molar mass.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual For Masterton/hurley's Chemistry: Principles And Reactions, 8th
- Describe how the potential energy of uranium is convened into electrical energy in a nuclear power plant.arrow_forwardWrite a balanced equation for each of the following nuclear reactions: (a) bismuth-212 decays into polonium-212. (b) beryllium-8 and a positron are produced by the decay of an unstable nucleus. (c) neptunium-239 forms from the reaction of uranium-238 with a neutron and then spontaneously converts into plutonium-239. (d) strontium-90 decays into yttrium-90arrow_forwardA 1.50 x 10-6 M solution of Khal Drogo’s potion was prepared by Daenerys in 1948 to make him stronger for the upcoming battle of the thrones. But later that night, Khal Drogo was killed by their mage. The potion was buried and it was discovered by Arya in 1978. (a)What is the number of moles remaining in the potion if the half-life is 30 years. (b) Assuming that Daenerys’ dragon breathed fire (about 2000 deg C) on the potion and this turned to gas, what is the volume of the potion dissipated in the standard atmosphere?arrow_forward
- Write the nuclear equation for the fission of U-235.arrow_forward16. The chemical reaction for photosynthesis is 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + light energy C6H1206 + 6 02 + 6 H20 If the input water is labeled with a radioactive isotope of oxygen, 180, then the oxygen gas released as the reaction proceeds is also labeled with 180. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? (A) During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water is split, the hydrogen atoms combine with the CO2, and oxygen gas is released. (B) During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water is split, removing electrons and protons, and oxygen gas is released. (C) During the Calvin cycle, water is split, regenerating NADPH from NADP+, and oxygen gas is released. (D) During the Calvin cycle, water is split, the hydrogen atoms are added to intermediates of sugar synthesis, and oxygen gas is released. 17. A culture of Spirogyra (an autotrophic alga) is maintained in a water solution containing dissolved carbon dioxide and a source of phosphates but lacking nitrogen compounds. A…arrow_forwardPreparation of ( Carbon- 11) ?arrow_forward
- Write balanced nuclear equations for the following processes:(a) rubidium-90 undergoes beta emission; (b) selenium-72 undergoes electron capture; (c) krypton-76 undergoes positron emission; (d) radium-226 emits alpha radiationarrow_forwardCalculate the mass of octane, C8H18 (l) , that must be burned in air to evolve the same quantity of energy as produced by the fusion of 1.0 g of hydrogen in the following fusion reaction: 4 1H1 ===== 2He4 + 2 1eo Assume that all the products of the combustion of octane are in their gas phases. The standard enthalpy of formation of octane is -250.1 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardA nuclear power station delivers 1 GW of electricity for a year from uranium fission. Giventhat a single fission event delivers about 200 MeV of heat, estimate the number of atomsthat underwent fission, their mass, and the loss of mass of the fuel elements.arrow_forward
- Calculate the mass of methane, in metric tons (1t=1000kg1t=1000kg), that must be burned to release the equivalent amount of energy from the fission of 1.24 molmol of uranium-235arrow_forwardHow much mass is released as energy in the explosion of a 2 megaton bomb?arrow_forwardThe average energy released in the fission of a single uranium-235 nucleus is about 3 x 10-11 J. If the conversion of this energy to electricity in a nuclear power plant is 40% efficient, what mass of uranium-235 undergoes fission in a year in a plant that produces 1000. MW (megawatt)? [hint: 1 watt = 1J/sec]arrow_forward
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