Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780357093795
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING (CUSTOM)
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Chapter 18, Problem 4SQ
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: A clade is a monophyletic group that consists of an ancestor in which a derived character evolved, together with all of its descendants. The common ancestor may be a species, a population, an individual, and so on up to a kingdom. Making hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a group of clades is called cladistics.
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a diagram that shows evolutionary connections between clades is called a_______ .a. karyotype c. cladogramb. molecular clock d. homologous structure
The evolution of various life forms on Earth is summarized in ________.
a.
the binomial naming system
b.
phylogenetic trees
c.
the taxonomic classification system
A cladogram or phylogenetic tree is used to classify organisms into groups based on their shared characteristics, where each node or branching point is known as _________________.
Group of answer choices
A. Common ancestry
B. New species
C. Reproductive isolation
D. New characteristic
E. None of the answers are correct
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life
Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1SQCh. 18 - Which of the following assumptions is not part of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3SQCh. 18 - Prob. 4SQCh. 18 - In a cladogram, each node represents a(n) _______...Ch. 18 - Constructing a cladogram _______ . a. may involve...
Ch. 18 - In cladograms, sister groups are _______ . a....Ch. 18 - Through ______, a body part of an ancestor is...Ch. 18 - Homologous structures among major groups of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10SQCh. 18 - Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12SQCh. 18 - All of the following data types can be used as...Ch. 18 - Choose the statement that is incorrect. a....Ch. 18 - Prob. 15SQCh. 18 - Match the terms with the most suitable...Ch. 18 - In the late 1800s, a biologist studying animal...Ch. 18 - The photos shown above illustrate a case of...Ch. 18 - Bonobas and chimpanzees are sister groups. Humans,...
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- A monophyletic group is a ______. a. phylogenetic tree b. shared derived trait c. character state d. cladearrow_forwardA clade is_____ . a. defined by a derived character c. a hypothesis b. a monophyletic group d. all of the abovearrow_forwardConstructing a cladogram______ . a. may involve parsimony analysis b. helps us rank species into taxa c. reveals convergent structures d. is a necessary part of DNA barcodingarrow_forward
- The only taxon that is always the same as a clade is the____ . a. genus c. species b. family d. kingdomarrow_forwardThe type of speciation that takes place in geographically overlapping populations is known as ________________________. A. Allopatric speciation B. Sympatric speciation C. Morphological speciation D. Physiological speciationarrow_forwardIn terms of classification of organisms, it can be said that the living things on Earth are very A. dangerous B. deceptive C. developed D. diverse. The next lower level of classification, immediately following phylum is A. kingdom B. order C. class D. species. The next higher level of classification, immediately following family is A. species B. genus C. class D. order. Human beings are called Homo sapies; here, “Homo” represents A. genus B. species C. class D. kingdom. Organisms belonging to the same species usually interbreed with one another. Exceptions to this can be found in some A. reptiles B. mammals C. plants D. vertebratesarrow_forward
- Choose only the letter of the correct answerarrow_forwardWhat pattern of speciation is illustrated by the development of the allopolyploid species? A. allopatric speciation B. sympatric speciation C. cladopatric speciation D. anapatric speciationarrow_forwardSince 1735, the Linnaean classification system has been the basic system for all taxonomy in biology. Which statement best explains the reason for changing how organisms are classified today? A. Organisms are evolving at a faster rate than in the past B. More diverse and complex organisms are being discovered C.  There are more organisms today than there were in the past D. New information about the genetics of species is being discoveredarrow_forward
- What do scientists use to apply cladistics? a. homologous traits b. homoplasies c. analogous traits d. monophyletic groupsarrow_forwardIn cladograms, sister groups are______ . a. inbred c. represented by nodes b. the same age d. in the same familyarrow_forwardThe shaded box on this phylogeny represents what type of phylogenetic group? A в с D E 1 2 3. 4 a. Polyphyletic b. Monophyletic с. Нурerphyletic d. Paraphyleticarrow_forward
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