Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity - AP Edition
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399203
Author: Kotz
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 18, Problem 44PS
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The value of ΔrG∘ for the given process should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a
ΔrG∘=−RTlnK.
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You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products:
xi
1. ☑
2. H₂O
хе
i
Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below.
If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank.
Click and drag to start drawing a
structure.
There is no reagent that will make this synthesis work without complications.
: ☐
S
☐
Predict the major products of this organic reaction:
H
OH
1. LiAlH4
2. H₂O
?
Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry.
Click and drag to start drawing a
structure.
G
C
टे
For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box.
Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below.
Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first
stable product you expect to form in solution.
NH2
CI
MgCl
?
Will the first product that forms in this reaction
create a new CC bond?
Yes
No
MgBr
?
Will the first product that forms in this reaction
create a new CC bond?
Yes
No
G
टे
Chapter 18 Solutions
Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity - AP Edition
Ch. 18.3 - Predict which substance in each pair has the...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 18.2CYUCh. 18.4 - Based on rH and rS, predict the spontaneity of the...Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 18.4CYUCh. 18.6 - Prob. 18.5CYUCh. 18.6 - Oxygen was first prepared by Joseph Priestley...Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 18.7CYUCh. 18.6 - Prob. 18.8CYUCh. 18.6 - Prob. 18.9CYUCh. 18.7 - Consider the hydrolysis reactions of creatine...
Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 1.2ACPCh. 18.7 - The decomposition of diamond to graphite...Ch. 18.7 - It has been demonstrated that buckminsterfullerene...Ch. 18 - Solid NH4NO3 is placed in a beaker containing...Ch. 18 - Acetic acid, a weak acid, was added to a beaker...Ch. 18 - Identify the following processes as either...Ch. 18 - Identify the following processes as either...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5PSCh. 18 - Predict whether each of the following processes...Ch. 18 - Indicate which of the following processes are...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PSCh. 18 - Prob. 9PSCh. 18 - Prob. 10PSCh. 18 - Prob. 11PSCh. 18 - Calculate the entropy change that occurs when 1.00...Ch. 18 - Prob. 13PSCh. 18 - Calculate the change in entropy of a system with...Ch. 18 - The third law of thermodynamics says that a...Ch. 18 - Identify trends in S values: (a) For the halogens:...Ch. 18 - Which substance has the higher entropy? (a) dry...Ch. 18 - Which substance has the higher entropy? (a) a...Ch. 18 - Use S values to calculate the standard entropy...Ch. 18 - Use S values to calculate the standard entropy...Ch. 18 - Calculate the standard entropy change for the...Ch. 18 - Calculate the standard entropy change for the...Ch. 18 - Calculate the standard entropy change for the...Ch. 18 - Calculate the standard entropy change for the...Ch. 18 - Is the reaction Si(s) + 2 Cl2(g) SiCl4(g)...Ch. 18 - Is the reaction Si(s) + 2 H2(g) SiH4(g)...Ch. 18 - Calculate S(universe) for the decomposition of 1...Ch. 18 - Calculate S(universe) for the formation of 1 mol...Ch. 18 - Classify each of the reactions according to one of...Ch. 18 - Classify each of the reactions according to one of...Ch. 18 - Using values of fH and S, calculate rG for each of...Ch. 18 - Using values of fH and S, calculate rG for each of...Ch. 18 - Using values of fH and S, calculate the standard...Ch. 18 - Using values of fH and S, calculate the standard...Ch. 18 - Using values of fG, calculate rG for each of the...Ch. 18 - Using values of fG, calculate rG for each of the...Ch. 18 - For the reaction BaCO3(s) BaO(s) + CO2(g), rG =...Ch. 18 - For the reaction TiCl2(s) + Cl2(g) TiCl4(), rG =...Ch. 18 - Determine whether the reactions listed below are...Ch. 18 - Determine whether the reactions listed below are...Ch. 18 - Heating some metal carbonates, among them...Ch. 18 - Calculate rH and rS for the reaction of tin(IV)...Ch. 18 - The ionization constant, Ka, for acetic acid is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 44PSCh. 18 - The standard free energy change, rG, for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 46PSCh. 18 - Calculate rG at 25 C for the formation of 1.00 mol...Ch. 18 - Prob. 48PSCh. 18 - Prob. 49PSCh. 18 - Prob. 50PSCh. 18 - Compare the compounds in each set below and decide...Ch. 18 - Using standard entropy values, calculate rS for...Ch. 18 - About 5 billion kilograms of benzene, C6H6, are...Ch. 18 - Hydrogenation, the addition of hydrogen to an...Ch. 18 - Is the combustion of ethane, C2H6, product-favored...Ch. 18 - Prob. 56GQCh. 18 - When vapors from hydrochloric acid and aqueous...Ch. 18 - Calculate S(system), S(surroundings), and...Ch. 18 - Methanol is now widely used as a fuel in race...Ch. 18 - The enthalpy of vaporization of liquid diethyl...Ch. 18 - Calculate the entropy change, rS, for the...Ch. 18 - Using thermodynamic data, estimate the normal...Ch. 18 - Prob. 63GQCh. 18 - When calcium carbonate is heated strongly, CO2 gas...Ch. 18 - Sodium reacts violently with water according to...Ch. 18 - Yeast can produce ethanol by the fermentation of...Ch. 18 - Elemental boron, in the form of thin fibers, can...Ch. 18 - Prob. 68GQCh. 18 - Prob. 69GQCh. 18 - Estimate the boiling point of water in Denver,...Ch. 18 - The equilibrium constant for the butane ...Ch. 18 - A crucial reaction for the production of synthetic...Ch. 18 - Calculate rG for the decomposition of sulfur...Ch. 18 - Prob. 74GQCh. 18 - A cave in Mexico was recently discovered to have...Ch. 18 - Wet limestone is used to scrub SO2 gas from the...Ch. 18 - Sulfur undergoes a phase transition between 80 and...Ch. 18 - Calculate the entropy change for dissolving HCl...Ch. 18 - Some metal oxides can be decomposed to the metal...Ch. 18 - Prob. 80ILCh. 18 - Prob. 81ILCh. 18 - Prob. 82ILCh. 18 - Titanium(IV) oxide is converted to titanium...Ch. 18 - Cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)] is a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 85ILCh. 18 - Explain why each of the following statements is...Ch. 18 - Decide whether each of the following statements is...Ch. 18 - Under what conditions is the entropy of a pure...Ch. 18 - Prob. 89SCQCh. 18 - Consider the formation of NO(g) from its elements....Ch. 18 - Prob. 91SCQCh. 18 - The normal melting point of benzene, C6H6, is 5.5...Ch. 18 - Prob. 93SCQCh. 18 - For each of the following processes, predict the...Ch. 18 - Heater Meals are food packages that contain their...Ch. 18 - Prob. 96SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 97SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 98SCQCh. 18 - Iodine, I2, dissolves readily in carbon...Ch. 18 - Prob. 100SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 101SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 102SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 103SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 104SCQCh. 18 - The Haber-Bosch process for the production of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 106SCQCh. 18 - Prob. 107SCQ
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- For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new CC bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. དྲ。 ✗MgBr ? O CI Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new C-C bond? Yes No • ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No × : ☐ Xarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: OH NaBH4 H ? CH3OH Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : Sarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: 1. LIAIHA 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X : ☐arrow_forward
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