EBK BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
15th Edition
ISBN: 8220103633352
Author: Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 2AQ
Summarize the evidence for endosymbiosis. How could the endosymbiotic hypothesis have originated before the era of molecular biology? How has molecular biology supported the theory?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Serial endosymbiosis is the most supported theory on how the first eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The figure depicts the evolution of eukaryotic cells which include links to prokaryotic cells from early in the history of life.
Identify the cellular structures involved in the connection of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Describe the characteristics of the cellular structures that supports the evolutionary connection.
State a claim on how eukaryotic cells evolved. Using evolutionary evidence justify your claim. The cells modeled above are a result are descendants of an original cell.
Briefly describe what endosymbiotic theory is. Describe a few ways in which endosymbiotic theory has changed the way scientists think about the ancestral distinctions among the three domains.
Explain why the answer is correct.
For eukaryote cells to evolve into new types of eukaryotic organisms, which of the following would one expect to occur? The correct answer is E
a) these cells have evolved because they have different DNA because of mutations
b) Their endoplasmic reticulum is synthesizing new and/or different proteins.
c) These specialized cells activate new genes to synthesize new proteins.
d) these organisms have new characteristics because they have acquired new genes.
e) all of these are true
Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.2 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.2 - Ribosomal RNA gene sequences do not yield as...Ch. 18.3 - Contrast the two nutritional options for Euglena.Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.3 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.4 - What are apicoplasts, which organisms have them,...Ch. 18.4 - Three groups make up the alveolates: ciliates,...Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.6 - How are chlorarachniophytes thought to have...Ch. 18.6 - The Rhizaria include diverse protists such as the...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.7 - Compare and contrast the lifestyles of gymnamoebas...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.8 - What are conidia? How does a conidium differ from...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.9 - Why is the mold Penicillium economically...Ch. 18.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.9 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 18.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.13 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.14 - What traits link cyanobacteria and red algae?Ch. 18.14 - Prob. 2MQCh. 18.14 - Prob. 1CRCh. 18.15 - What phototrophic properties link green algae and...Ch. 18.15 - What is unusual about the green algae...Ch. 18.15 - Prob. 3MQCh. 18.15 - Green algae are common in aquatic environments and...Ch. 18 - Explain why the process of endosymbiosis can be...Ch. 18 - Summarize the evidence for endosymbiosis. How...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3AQ
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- The answer to the question of how eukaryotic cells evolved has been suggested in the Endosymbiotic Theory. Provide at least 4 pieces of evidence to support this theory.arrow_forwardList six pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic hypothesisarrow_forwardmake a drawing of a phylogenetic tree that contains all 3 domains of life. The tree should include at least three different animals, two plants, chemoheterotrophic bacteria, photoautotrophic bacteria, chemoheterotrophic archaea, thermophilic archaea and fungi. Identify both primary endosymbiosis events on the tree and draw a line to connect it to the organism that would become the future organelle.arrow_forward
- The hypercycle model explains which of the following? A) How the evolutionary transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells through acquisiton of membrane bound organelles. B) How viruses first originated alongside cellular life through a hyper replicating RNA lineage. C) How individual replicating molecules like RNA, DNA, and proteins entered a molecular mutualism and became encapsulated forming protocells. D) How cycles of heat and electricity experimentally lead to the formation of amino acids in the lab.arrow_forwardProvide importance of endosymbiotic theory ?arrow_forwardThe universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…arrow_forward
- Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion In thinking about the clinical application of phylogenetics, discuss the role of phylogenetics in these areas. a) Predictions of drug resistance b) Identifying the origin of an outbreak c)Predicting the spread of a diseasearrow_forwardEvolutionary microbiologists developed a theory about a common ancestor for all eukaryotic cells. Below is a model of the theorized changes during the origin of eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes are not capable of phagocytosis, or engulfing outside particles by creating a pocket in the cell membrane. Which of the following changes in early prokaryotes could be predicted to result in the emergence of eukaryotic organisms? A - the development of genetic transfer mechanisms in prokaryotes B - the evolution of predatory or parasitic relationships in prokaryotes C - the emergence of collections of cells functioning together in prokaryotes D = the expansion of internal structures to support larger individual cells in prokaryotesarrow_forwardExplain what is meant by endosymbiotic theory.arrow_forward
- How can horizontal gene transfer influence evolution? Would you be able to detect it using phylogeny? What about horizontal gene transfer makes reading bacterial trees difficult?arrow_forwardDescribe the evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory of evolution of eukaryotes.arrow_forwardIn the evolution of a new variant, explain the roles of genomic cytoplasmic gene factors, ecological variation, geographical isolation, climate change, hybridization and polypliodization.arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License