The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position. Introduction: A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The deep-branching phyla that include hyperthermophiles and the reason for controversy behind the actual branch position.

Introduction:

A group of organisms that diverged early from other bacteria based on the sequence of small-subunit rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) and shares a common ancestry is referred to as a phylum. Deep-branching taxa are the lineages with genome sequences that diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla. Based on the historical convention and consensus of the research community, phyla and other major divisions are defined.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The hyperthermophilic bacteria are included in the phylum Aqulficae of deep-branching thermophiles. Aquifexaeolicus can grow at 95Â°C at marine thermal vents. Their molecular clocks are highly accelerated probably because of their rapid growth and high mutation rates. Most of the members of this group oxidize hydrogen gas with oxygen to form water.

Phylum Aqulficae and Thermotogae oxidize hydrogen from oxygen to form water. Aqulficae shows surprising archaeal traits and also shares its habitat with Archaea. Some Aqulficae species have archaeal ether-linked membrane lipids. They also show a large proportion of archaeal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. It is also observed that Aqulficae also shares sequence similarities with Clostridium and Epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, it is challenging for researchers to trace the actual branch position.