(a) Interpretation: The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn Concept introduction: α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers. Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. 0.035 atm ✓ G 00. 18 Ar

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 18.42P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The Haworth projections of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are to be drawn

Concept introduction:

α-D Ribofuranose and β-D Ribofuranose are stereoisomers that differ only at one asymmetric carbon called anomeric carbon and are called anomers.

Haworth projection of the cyclic structure of a ribose (a pentose) shows the cyclic structure as planar, with the substituents pointing straight up or down. The ring oxygen is shown directly opposite the observer, with the anomeric carbon to its immediate right.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The mechanism of the formation of α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose from the acyclic form of the monosaccharide is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

α-D-ribofuranose and β-D-ribofuranose are both produced from the same molecule, the acyclic form of D-ribose via nucleophilic addition followed by proton transfers. The aldehyde group of the acyclic form is planar and can be attacked from both sides of the plane. Whether the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the C4 OH group is from above or below the plane (in the Haworth projection) determines whether the α-anomer or the β-anomer is formed.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.1P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.2P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.3P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.4P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.5P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.6P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.7P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.8P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.9P Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the Haworth projections of -D-ribofuranose and

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