The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted. Concept Introduction: Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium. Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

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Shown below is the mechanism presented for the formation of biasplatin in reference 1 from the Background and Experiment document. The amounts used of each reactant are shown. Either draw or describe a better alternative to this mechanism. (Note that the first step represents two steps combined and the proton loss is not even shown; fixing these is not the desired improvement.) (Hints: The first step is correct, the second step is not; and the amount of the anhydride is in large excess to serve a purpose.)

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Draw a reasonable mechanism for the following reaction:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 6

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 7

Chapter 17.6, Problem 17.13BFP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of decrease in pressure on the yield of the product has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier principle states that, whenever a change in temperature, pressure or volume is experienced by a system at equilibrium, the system will undergo reactions to cancel that effect and reattain equilibrium.

Changes in pressure have significant effect on the reactions containing gas molecules. When pressure is increased, the system will try to decrease the pressure by reducing the number of gas molecule. That is, the reaction will occur to the direction where the number moles of gases are low. When the pressure is decreased, the reaction will favor in the direction where the number moles of gases are high, so as to increase the pressure.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 17.2 - Write the reaction quotient, Qc, for each of the...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 17.1BFP Ch. 17.2 - The following sequence of steps has been proposed...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 17.2BFP Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 17.3AFP Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 17.3BFP Ch. 17.3 - Calculate Kp for the following reaction: PCl3(g) +...Ch. 17.3 - Calculate Kc for the following reaction: CS2(g) +...Ch. 17.4 - At 338 K, the reaction X(g) ⇌ Y(g) has a Kc of...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 17.5BFP

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