The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p − t e r t − butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted. Concept introduction: Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g) AG⁰ = -34. KJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 8.06 atm of nitrogen (N2) and 2.58 atm of ammonia (NH3) at 106. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2 tend to rise or fall? ☐ x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂? In other words, if you said the pressure of N2 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the pressure of N2 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding H₂? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no ☐ atm ☑ 5 00. 18 Ar

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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NO(g) +Cl₂ (g) = 2NOC1 (g) AGº = -41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 8.90 atm of chlorine (C12) and 5.71 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOC1) at 1075. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. atm ☑ 18 Ar

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 6

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 7

Chapter 17.10, Problem 17.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−tert−butylnitrobenzene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−toluenesulfonic acid from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given aromatic derivative, p−chlorotoluene from benzene is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of alkylated products by the reaction of arenes with alkyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chloride. This alkylation reaction comes under the category of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 17.1P Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 17.2P Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 17.3P Ch. 17.4 - Use resonance forms to show that the dipolar sigma...Ch. 17.6A - Prob. 17.5P Ch. 17.6A - Prob. 17.6P Ch. 17.6B - Propose a mechanism for the brommation of...Ch. 17.6B - Prob. 17.8P Ch. 17.6B - Prob. 17.9P Ch. 17.7 - Prob. 17.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how Friedel-Crafts alkylation permits the synthesis of benzene products by the reaction of arenes with tertiary butyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium chlor

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Chapter 17 Solutions