Human Anatomy
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073403700
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 17.1, Problem 2BYGO
Three schemes of receptor classification were presented in this section. In each scheme, how would you classify the receptors for a full bladder? How would you classify taste receptors?
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In the olfactory receptor cells of mammals, what binds to specific odorant molecules?
Five different types of taste receptors have been identified in humans. These are salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Taste receptors consist of specific types of proteins incorporated into the plasma membrane of taste receptor cells, which are clustered together in structures called taste buds. All five receptor types are present in each taste bud, which are distributed over most of the tongue surface area. Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal cavity and consist of several thousand different types, each type specific for a different odorant molecule (ligand).
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If you plug your nose, red wine and coffee taste exactly the same.
Five different types of taste receptors have been identified in humans. These are salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Taste receptors consist of specific types of proteins incorporated into the plasma membrane of taste receptor cells, which are clustered together in structures called taste buds. All five receptor types are present in each taste bud, which are distributed over most of the tongue surface area. Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal cavity and consist of several thousand different types, each type specific for a different odorant molecule (ligand).
If you plug your nose, red wine and coffee taste exactly the same. Explain why this is so.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Anatomy
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 17.1 - Distinguish between general and special senses.Ch. 17.1 - Three schemes of receptor classification were...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 17.2 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 17.2 - What is the difference between a lingual papilla...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 8BYGO
Ch. 17.2 - What part of an olfactory cell bears the binding...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 17.3 - What is the benefit of having three auditory...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 17.3 - How does the brain recognize the difference...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 1AWYKCh. 17.4 - Prob. 2AWYKCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3AWYKCh. 17.4 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 17.4 - List as many structural and functional differences...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 17.4 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 17.5 - Describe the contributions of the first pharyngeal...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 17.5 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 17.5 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 17 - The meaning of sensory receptor and the range of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1.2AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.3AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.4AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.5AYLOCh. 17 - The types of sensory nerve endings considered to...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1.7AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.8AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.9AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.10AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.11AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.12AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1.13AYLOCh. 17 - The relationship of taste buds to the lingual...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.2.2AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2.3AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2.4AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2.5AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2.6AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2.7AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.3.1AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.3.2AYLOCh. 17 - The parts of the middle ear, including its three...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3.4AYLOCh. 17 - The anatomy of the cochlea and the functional...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3.6AYLOCh. 17 - How cochlear function enables the brain to...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3.8AYLOCh. 17 - The differences between static and dynamic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3.10AYLOCh. 17 - The action of the otolithic membrane in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3.12AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.3.13AYLOCh. 17 - The projection pathways taken by signals of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4.1AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.2AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.3AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.4AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.5AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.6AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.7AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.8AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4.9AYLOCh. 17 - The projection pathways taken by retinal signals...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4.11AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.5.1AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.5.2AYLOCh. 17 - Prob. 17.5.3AYLOCh. 17 - How the lens, vitreous body, anterior chamber,...Ch. 17 - Hot and cold stimuli are detected by free nerve...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 17 - The sensory neurons that begin in the spiral organ...Ch. 17 - The spiral organ rests on the tympanic membrane....Ch. 17 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 17 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 17 - The most finely detailed vision occurs when an...Ch. 17 - Fibers of the optic nerve come from the...Ch. 17 - A sensory nerve ending specialized to detect...Ch. 17 - The gelatinous membranes of the macula sacculi and...Ch. 17 - Three rows of ____________ in the cochlea have...Ch. 17 - The __________ is a tiny bone that vibrates in the...Ch. 17 - The ___________ of the midbrain receive auditory...Ch. 17 - The apical microvilli of a gustatory cell are...Ch. 17 - Olfactory neurons synapse with mitral cells and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 17 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 17 - Determine which five of the following statements...Ch. 17 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3TOFCh. 17 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 17 - Determine which five of the following statements...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6TOFCh. 17 - Prob. 7TOFCh. 17 - Prob. 8TOFCh. 17 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 17 - Briefly explain why each of the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 17 - What type of cutaneous receptor enables you to...Ch. 17 - Predict the consequences of a hypothetical...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 17 - Prob. 5TYC
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- Listed below are the various components of the olfactory transduction process: 1. Golf G-protein 2. Voltage-gated sodium channel 3. Calcium-activated chloride channel 4. CAMP-gated ion channel 5. Adenylyl cyclase Which of the following is the correct order in which these components are activated? 2; 1; 5; 4; 3 5; 1; 4; 3; 2 1; 5; 4; 2; 3 3; 2; 1; 5; 4arrow_forwardIdentify five kinds of sensory receptors based on the type of energy they transduce. What is the specific function of each?arrow_forwardMany odorant molecules are highly hydrophobic and concentrate within the olfactory epithelium. They would give a persistent signal independent of their concentration in the environment if they were not rapidly modified. Propose a mechanism for converting hydrophobic odorants into watersoluble derivatives that can be rapidly eliminated.arrow_forward
- What is the role of transduction in the sensory system? How doestransduction occur for each of the senses described in this chapter?arrow_forwardHow can humans detect such a variety of odors with a limited number of olfactory receptors?arrow_forwardRead the following articles and answer the questions below: Stage 1: Reception and the Receptive FieldQ1) Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the LCD display is detected by which type of sensory receptors in the dragonfly?a) thermoreceptors b) chemoreceptors c) photoreceptors d) mechanoreceptors Q2) What component of a sensory receptor determines its spectral sensitivity, that is, the ability to detect varying wavelengths of light?a) amplification via 2nd messenger cascadesb) opsin photopigmentsc) stereocilia of the outer segmentd) capillary beds providing nourishment to the retina Q3) The capability to resolve rapid changes of light over time and to discriminate adjacent points of light in space are respectively referred to as?a) adaptation and adjustable lens refraction (accommodation) b) contrast sensitivity and thresholding of the visual systemc) temporal and spatial resolution (acuity) of the visual system d) scotopic and phototopic vision regimes The ‘receptive field’ of a…arrow_forward
- Both the gustatory and olfactory system allow for the perception and identification of different chemical cues from the environment. Summarize the difference between these two systems with respect to coding. In other words, how does the neuronal activity of these systems provide a code that allows distinct chemicals to be represented?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about olfactory receptors is not true? A Stronger odours cause more olfactory receptors to respond or fire than weaker odours do. B) The axons of the olfactory receptor cells reach directly into the brain c) There are at least 1000 different types of olfactory receptors for different odours D Olfactory neurons last a lifetime, and cannot be replaced once they are destroyedarrow_forwardWhat are the stimuli for taste receptors?arrow_forward
- Transduction of a stimulus usually causes depolarization of a sensory receptor. a.)In most receptors, what is the chemical basis for this depolarization (that is, what is the specific mechanism for the change)?b.)How is a photoreceptor different from other receptors in terms of its membrane potential? c.) Explain how photoreceptors in the light can lead to excitation of some bipolar cells and inhibition of othersarrow_forwardWhich of the following are a type of sense receptor found in the skin? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices Merkel disc Meissner’s corpuscle Langerhans cell Pacinian corpusclearrow_forwardFrom a biological perspective, how does our sense of smell work? Discuss the concept that our sense of smell is directly connected to the brain. Include a relevant example. Please include references.arrow_forward
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