Chapter 17.1, Problem 17.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Base and monosaccharide in below nucleotide have to be identified. Also, its name with abbreviation has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Nucleotide is defined as basic unit for formation of nucleic acid that is essential for completion of metabolic reactions in body. The three basic components of nucleotide are as follows:

1. Nitrogen-containing base

2. Pentose sugar

3. Phosphate group

Nucleotides are named accordingly as follows:

1. Identify the type of sugar unit attached is ribose or deoxyribose. If in the structure of nucleoside there is an $\text{OH}$ group at $\text{C}{\text{2}}^{\prime }$ then the sugar is ribose sugar and if there is no $\text{OH}$ group at $\text{C}{\text{2}}^{\prime }$ then it is deoxyribose sugar and prefix deoxy is used.

2. Identify the name of the different nitrogen bases present in the molecule. There are two types of bases that are pyrimidine base and purine base.

(a). Pyrimidine base consists of one ring and is present in uracil, cytosine, and thymine.

(b). Purine base consists of two rings and is present in adenine and guanine.

3. Nucleosides with pyrimidine bases end with the suffix $\text{-idine}$ and purine bases end with $\text{-osine}$.

4. Identify the number of carbon atom to which phosphate group is attached. The prefix is added as mono, di or tri for numbers of phosphate groups present in the nucleotide.

Abbreviation is assigned with respect to the type of sugar. For ribose sugar, 3 letter abbreviation is used and for deoxyribose sugar, 4 letter abbreviation is used followed by d as a prefix.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Base and monosaccharide in below nucleotide have to be identified. Also, its name with abbreviation has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).