Chapter 17, Problem 59P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for given reaction should be proposed. The given reaction is as follows,

Concept Introduction:

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves the chemical compound with pair of electrons in a heterolytic bond cleavage. The ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

$\text{Bronsted-Lowry Acids}$: If a species loses a proton then it is considered as $\text{Bronsted-Lowry acid}\text{.}$

$\text{Bronsted-Lowry Base}$: If a species receives one proton, then it is considered as $\text{Bronsted-Lowry base}\text{.}$

Proton-Transfer: It is a type of chemical reaction in which the protons gets transferred from the acid to the base. It is used to remove the positive charge present in the substrate due to neutral nucleophile in substitution reaction.