Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 17, Problem 4DAA
Summary Introduction
To determine: The town that had the most intensive application of rodenticide bromadiolone.
Introduction: Rodenticides are the pesticides that have a capability to kill the whole rodent species. Rodents have their own importance in nature, but sometimes they require some control over their population, as they could transmit disease, destroy crops, and may cause ecological damage. Warfarin is a common anticoagulant that could be used as a rodenticide to kill mice and rats.
After the discovery, warfarin has been widely used and later it resulted in development of species of warfarin-resistant mice and rats. Another recently developed one is bromadiolone, which is called as super-warfarin (second-generation warfarin) that has a greater ability to accumulate in the liver and kill the organism.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Each graph below depicts reaction norms for three different genotypes reared in different
environments. In which case(s) is/are VE> 0 (you can assume that graphs for parents and
their offspring would be the same)? Mark all that apply
Mean phenotype
(a)
(c)
graph a
graph b
graph c
graph d
(b)
(d)
Environment
The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes?
a) The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to the metabolic costs of DDT utilization
b) Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs.
c) DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations.
d) Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT.
It was later discovered in Cliff Tabin’s lab that a gene called Bmp4 involved in cell-cell signaling during beak development is partly responsible for beak depth in ground finches (Abzhanov et al., 2004). Alleles that increase Bmp4 expression increase the depth of the beaks, and were most likely selected for during the drought in 1977 (Abzhanov et al., 2004). In 2001, ground finches were collected from Daphne major and genotypes were analyzed at this particular locus.
Phenotype
Genotype
Number of Individuals
Observed Genotype Frequency
Low Bmp4 expression
AA
491
?
Low Bmp4 expression
Aa
336
?
High Bmp4 expression
aa
552
?
In 2009, allele frequencies were measured again on Daphne major for this particular gene.
Phenotype
Genotype
Number of Individuals
Observed Genotype Frequency
Low Bmp4 expression
AA
706
?
Low Bmp4 expression
Aa
493
?
High Bmp4 expression…
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 17 - ___ is the original source of new alleles. a....Ch. 17 - Which is required for evolution to occur in a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3SQCh. 17 - Prob. 4SQCh. 17 - The persistence of sickle-cell anemia in a...Ch. 17 - ___ tends to keep populations of a species similar...Ch. 17 - The theory of natural selection does not explain...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1DAACh. 17 - Prob. 2DAACh. 17 - Prob. 3DAA
Ch. 17 - Prob. 4DAACh. 17 - Which of the following is not part of how we...Ch. 17 - Sex in many birds is typically preceded by an...Ch. 17 - The difference between sympatric and parapatric...Ch. 17 - A fire devastates all trees in a wide swath of...Ch. 17 - Match the evolution concepts. ____ gene flow a....Ch. 17 - Change in allele frequency of a population is...Ch. 17 - Species have traditionally been characterized as...Ch. 17 - Rama the cama, a llama-camel hybrid, was born in...Ch. 17 - Two species or antelope, one from Africa, the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4CT
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the year 2374, humans finally developed the technology necessary for time travel. You are a scientist interested in the population genetics of extinct animals. Taking advantage of this technology advance, you decide to travel back 8 million years to conduct field work in Venezuela. You are studying a population of Phoberomys pattersoni, the world’s largest extinct rodent weighing approximately 700 kg (1500 lbs) and looking vaguely like a giant guinea pig. The coat color of this rodent varies between tan (dominant) and brown (recessive). Assume the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. You observed 336 tan Phoberomys and 64 brown Phoberomys during your study. What is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype? ________________ What is the allelic frequency of the dominant (tan) allele in the population? ___________ Of the animals you observed, how many were heterozygous? _______________ As you observe the animals you count 200 brown and 450 tan. Conduct a…arrow_forwardMinotaur is only found in the Labyrinth on the island of Crete. The area is famous for its annual spectacle of "Minotaur run," where herds of Minotaur rush out of the Labyrinth to reach their breeding grounds on the beautiful Aegean seashore. A group of Olympian scientists discovered that the horn size of the Minotaur is controlled by a single locus, with HH individuals having the longest, the Hh the medium, and hh the shortest horns. It is further found that the long-horned individuals tend to be tangled up along the way during the annual migration out of the Labyrinth, such that only 80% of the HH individuals can make it out of the Labyrinth alive. Once outside the Labyrinth, the short-horned individuals tend to be less successful at finding food, thus 60% would die from starvation before the beginning of the breeding season. Since the Hh individualsâ horn size are just right, so all of them survive the annual challenge. Initially, the annual migration of Minotaur started out with…arrow_forwardMinotaur is only found in the Labyrinth on the island of Crete. The area is famous for its annual spectacle of "Minotaur run," where herds of Minotaur rush out of the Labyrinth to reach their breeding grounds on the beautiful Aegean seashore. A group of Olympian scientists discovered that the horn size of the Minotaur is controlled by a single locus, with HH individuals having the longest, the Hh the medium, and hh the shortest horns. It is further found that the long-horned individuals tend to be tangled up along the way during the annual migration out of the Labyrinth, such that only 80% of the HH individuals can make it out of the Labyrinth alive. Once outside the Labyrinth, the short-horned individuals tend to be less successful at finding food, thus 60% would die from starvation before the beginning of the breeding season. Since the Hh individualsâ horn size are just right, so all of them survive the annual challenge. Initially, the annual migration of Minotaur started out with…arrow_forward
- b) () Environment Good Por Corticosterones are often called "stress hormones." Corticosterone concentration in the body can increase when a mammal is experiencing long- term stress, which typically occurs when a mammal lives in a poor environment. The chart above plots the quality of the environment versus corticosterone levels. Two groups of inbred lab mice (C and D) were sampled twice, once in a good environment and once in a poor environment. Provide a possible explanation why members of Group C had higher corticosterone levels in the good environment but members of Group D had higher corticosterone levels in the poor environment. Corticosterone levelsarrow_forwardImagine that the volcano on Mt. St. Helens erupts again. All life is removed from the side of the mountain and has to recolonize. Your first task as a geneticist for United States Forest Service is to estimate the frequency of the red allele in the lupine plants that colonize the site. You know that the lupine seeds came from a nearby population where the frequency of the red allele has consistently been approximately 0.2 for many generations. However, in the first year (i.e. first generation, before any local reproduction) on Mt. St. Helens, the red allele of this newly colonized population has a frequency of 0.9. What is the most likely explanation for this difference in allele frequency from the nearby population?arrow_forwardA total of 1000 members of a Central American population are typed for the ABO blood group. In the sample, 421 have blood type A, 168 have blood type B, 336 have blood type O, and 75 have blood type AB. Part A Use this information to determine the frequency of ABO blood group alleles in the sample. Recall that when considering genes with three alleles whose frequencies are represented by the variables p, q, and r, the sum of genotype frequencies resulting from trinomial expansion is: (p+q+r)² =p² + 2pq+q2+2pr+r²+2gr = 1arrow_forward
- You observe some bark beetles with different feeding behaviors. You find that the behavioral phenotypes you observed are closely associated with the following genotypes. genotype phenotype number observed BB feeds under bark 60 Bb feeds on top of bark 24 bb feeds on leaves 16 a) What are the allele frequencies and the expected number (out of 100 beetles) of genotypes? b) Calculate the Chi-Squared value (c2). Then look up the p-value only using this Chi-squared calculator: https://www.mathsisfun.com/data//chi-square-calculator.html Clear all the values in the box at upper right, enter the Chi Square value that you obtain FROM YOUR CALCULATIONS in the Chi-Square box, and enter 1 for the degrees of freedom. Is the population in H-W equilibrium? c) If you answered “No” to b): Provide at least three biologically valid reasons why the observed beetle population may not be in equilibrium. If you answered “Yes” to b): Why do you think this…arrow_forwardThe red wolf (Canis rufus) was once widespread in the southeastern United States but was declared to be extinct in the wild. Biologists bred captive red wolf individuals and reintroduced them into areas of eastern North Carolina, where they are federally protected as endangered species. The current wild population is estimated to be about 100 individuals. However, a new threat to red wolves has arisen: hybridization with coyotes (Canis latrans), which have become more numerous in the areas inhabited by red wolves. Although red wolves and coyotes differ in morphology and DNA, they are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. Social behavior is the main reproductive barrier between the species and is more easily overcome when same-species mates are rare. For this reason, some people think that the endangered status of the red wolf should be withdrawn and resources should not be spent to protect what is not a “pure” species. Do you agree? Why or why not?arrow_forwardThe tiny frog Paedophryne amauensis was discovered by researchers purposefully searching for the source of an unusual sound, but sometimes similarity between two species can lead scientists to accidental discoveries. A previously unknown species of wild cat was inadvertently discovered by researchers who were sequencing the DNA of a house cat–sized South American wild cat called the tigrina. The DNA analysis revealed that many alleles found in the supposed tigrinas living in northeastern Brazil are not shared with other tigrinas. This finding suggested that the northeastern cats do not interbreed with other tigrinas and are therefore a different species. What prevents the two species from interbreeding?arrow_forward
- You observe some bark beetles with different feeding behaviors. You find that the behavioral phenotypes you observed are closely associated with the following genotypes. genotype phenotype number observed BB feeds under bark 60 Bb feeds on top of bark 24 bb feeds on leaves 16 a) What are the allele frequencies and the expected number (out of 100 beetles) of genotypes? b) Calculate the Chi-Squared value (c2). Then look up the p-value using this Chi-squared calculator: https://www.mathsisfun.com/data//chi-square-calculator.html Enter “1” for Degrees of Freedom. (There are 3 genotype categories, but only 1 DF because they are not fully independent—calculated from just 2 allele frequencies). The p-value is the probability that you would see the deviance you observed by chance, assuming the null hypothesis is true). Report both values. Is the population in H-W equilibrium? c) If you answered “No” to b): Provide at least three biologically…arrow_forwardResearchers divided 100 mice, with identical heredity composition that makes them susceptible to coronary artery disease, into two groups. Group A ate standard rodent chow and group B ate low-fat rodent chow for 120 days. what would you conclude if 45 out of 50 mice in group A show coronary artery disease and 45 out of 50 mice in group B show coronary artery disease?arrow_forwardIn the fish Species a, the expression of different combinations of four Hox genes results in structural differences in tissues and organs along the anterior-posterior axis. Figure 3 shows the expression pattern of four genes, i.e. Genes 1 – 4, and the tissue produced along the embryonic anterior - posterior plane of fish Species a wild type. The influence of Hox genes on the formation of specific types of tissue can be determined by introducing gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutations in specific Hox genes. Looking at Figure 3, predict what would happen to each one of the four types of tissues, if the expression of gene 3 was expanded anteriorly by a gain-of-function mutation so that the pattern of gene 3 expression would be the same as that of gene 2.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
How do Plants Handle Stress?; Author: Alex Dainis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYsnveEHqec;License: Standard Youtube License