Essential University Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134988559
Author: Wolfson, Richard
Publisher: Pearson Education,
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Chapter 17, Problem 46P
Climatologists have recently recognized that black carbon (soot) from burning fossil fuels and biomass contributes significantly to arctic warming. You’re asked to determine whether this effect might cause ice to melt that would normally stay frozen year-round. Consider an ice layer 2.5 m thick that normally reflects 90% of the incident solar energy and absorbs the rest. Suppose black carbon darkens the ice so it now reflects only 50% of the incident solar energy. The arctic summertime solar input averages 300 W/m2. You can assume 0°C for the initial ice temperature, and an ice density of 917 kg/m3. What do you conclude?
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Essential University Physics
Ch. 17.1 - If you double the kelvin temperature of a gas,...Ch. 17.2 - You bring a pot of water to boil and then forget...Ch. 17.3 - The figure shows a donut-shaped object. If its...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1FTDCh. 17 - Why are you supposed to check tire pressure when...Ch. 17 - The average speed of the molecules in a gas...Ch. 17 - Suppose you start running while holding a closed...Ch. 17 - Prob. 5FTDCh. 17 - Whats the temperature of water just under the ice...Ch. 17 - Ice and water have been together in a glass for a...
Ch. 17 - Which takes more heat: melting a gram of ice...Ch. 17 - The triple point of water defines a precise...Ch. 17 - A bimetallic strip consists of thin pieces of...Ch. 17 - Marss atmospheric pressure is about 1% that of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12ECh. 17 - Whats the pressure of an ideal gas if 3.5 mol...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14ECh. 17 - (a) If 2.0 mol of an ideal gas are initially at...Ch. 17 - A pressure of 1010 Pa is readily achievable with...Ch. 17 - In which gas are the molecules moving faster:...Ch. 17 - How much energy does it take to melt a 65-g ice...Ch. 17 - It takes 200 J to melt an 8.0-g sample of one of...Ch. 17 - If it takes 840 kJ to vaporize a sample of liquid...Ch. 17 - Carbon dioxide sublimes (changes from solid to...Ch. 17 - Prob. 22ECh. 17 - You have exactly 1 L of ethyl alcohol at room...Ch. 17 - A Pyrex glass marble is 1.00000 cm in diameter at...Ch. 17 - At 0C, the hole in a steel washer is 9.52 mm in...Ch. 17 - Suppose a single piece of welded steel railroad...Ch. 17 - Example 17.1: Typical atmospheric pressure at the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 28ECh. 17 - Prob. 29ECh. 17 - Prob. 30ECh. 17 - Example 17.4: Repeal the calculation of Example...Ch. 17 - When 200 g of ice at –10°C are added to 1.0 kg of...Ch. 17 - Example 17.4: A mountain glacier ends in a small...Ch. 17 - Prob. 34ECh. 17 - Prob. 35PCh. 17 - Prob. 36PCh. 17 - A compressed air cylinder stands 100 cm tall and...Ch. 17 - Youre a lawyer with an unusual case. A...Ch. 17 - A 3000-mL flask is initially open in a room...Ch. 17 - The recommended treatment for frostbite is rapid...Ch. 17 - A stove burner supplies heat to a pan at the rate...Ch. 17 - If a 1-megaton nuclear bomb were exploded deep in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 43PCh. 17 - Prob. 44PCh. 17 - A refrigerator extracts energy from its contents...Ch. 17 - Climatologists have recently recognized that black...Ch. 17 - How much energy does it take to melt 10 kg of ice...Ch. 17 - Water is brought to its boiling point and then...Ch. 17 - Prob. 49PCh. 17 - A bowl contains 16 kg of punch (essentially water)...Ch. 17 - A 50-g ice cube at 10C is placed in an equal mass...Ch. 17 - Prob. 52PCh. 17 - What power is needed to melt 20 kg of ice in 6.0...Ch. 17 - You put 300 g of water at 20C into a 500-W...Ch. 17 - Prob. 55PCh. 17 - Describe the composition and temperature of the...Ch. 17 - A glass marble 1.000 cm in diameter is to be...Ch. 17 - Prob. 58PCh. 17 - A steel ball bearing is encased in a Pyrex glass...Ch. 17 - Fuel systems of modern cars are designed so...Ch. 17 - A rod of length L0 is clamped rigidly at both...Ch. 17 - Prob. 62PCh. 17 - A solar-heated house stores energy in 5.0 tons of...Ch. 17 - Show that the coefficient of volume expansion of...Ch. 17 - Waters coefficient of volume expansion in the...Ch. 17 - When the expansion coefficient varies with...Ch. 17 - A 50-mL graduated cylinder is made from Pyrex...Ch. 17 - The timekeeping of a grandfather clock is...Ch. 17 - Prob. 69PCh. 17 - Prob. 70PCh. 17 - Figure 17.12 shows an apparatus used to determine...Ch. 17 - Prob. 72PCh. 17 - (a) Show that, for an ideal gas, the speed of...Ch. 17 - The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, plotted in...Ch. 17 - At high gas densities, the van der Waals equation...Ch. 17 - Prob. 76PPCh. 17 - Prob. 77PPCh. 17 - Because some pathogens can survive 120C...Ch. 17 - Prob. 79PP
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