Pearson eText Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780135212905
Author: Dee Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 17, Problem 30RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The new volume of a container whose pressure has been changed from 60mm Hg to 150 mm Hg.
Introduction: Pressure is defined as the force that is exerted perpendicularly on an object. The scientists named Robert Boyle gave a direct relationship between pressure and volume.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 17 Solutions
Pearson eText Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 17.1 - What is the difference between cellular...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.1 - Name the components (including muscles) of the...Ch. 17.1 - Which air passages of the respiratory system are...Ch. 17.1 - Cigarette smoking paralyzes cilia in the airways...Ch. 17.1 - Is blood flow through the pulmonary trunk greater...Ch. 17.1 - A person has left ventricular failure but normal...Ch. 17.1 - Calculate the mean pressure in a person whose...Ch. 17.2 - If nitrogen is 78% of atmospheric air, what is the...Ch. 17.2 - The partial pressure of water vapor in inspired...
Ch. 17.3 - How are lung volumes related to lung capacities?Ch. 17.3 - Which lung volume cannot be measured directly?Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 13CCCh. 17.3 - As inhaled air becomes humidified passing down the...Ch. 17.3 - Compare the direction of air movement during one...Ch. 17.3 - Explain the relationship between the lungs, the...Ch. 17.3 - Scarlett OHara is trying to squeeze herself into a...Ch. 17.3 - Why would loss of the ability to cough increase...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 19CCCh. 17.3 - A stabbing victim is brought to the emergency room...Ch. 17.3 - In a normal person, which contributes more to the...Ch. 17.3 - Coal miners who spend years inhaling fine coal...Ch. 17.3 - How does the work required for breathing change...Ch. 17.3 - A cancerous lung tumor has grown into the walls of...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 25CCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 26CCCh. 17.3 - Restrictive lung diseases decrease lung...Ch. 17.3 - Chronic obstructive lung disease causes patients...Ch. 17 - List four functions of the respiratory system.Ch. 17 - Give two definitions for the word respiration.Ch. 17 - Which sets of muscles are used for normal quiet...Ch. 17 - Give two functions of pleural fluid.Ch. 17 - Name the anatomical structures that an oxygen...Ch. 17 - Diagram the structure of an alveolus, and state...Ch. 17 - Trace the path of the pulmonary circulation. About...Ch. 17 - What happens to inspired air as it is conditioned...Ch. 17 - During inspiration, most of the thoracic volume...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10RQCh. 17 - Refer to the spirogram in the following figure: a....Ch. 17 - Of the three factors that contribute to the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13RQCh. 17 - What is the function of surfactants in general? In...Ch. 17 - Prob. 15RQCh. 17 - Prob. 16RQCh. 17 - Prob. 17RQCh. 17 - Compile the following terms into a map of...Ch. 17 - Decide whether each of the following parameters...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20RQCh. 17 - The cartoon coyote is blowing up a balloon in...Ch. 17 - Match the descriptions to the appropriate phase(s)...Ch. 17 - Draw and label a graph showing the PO2 of air in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 24RQCh. 17 - Prob. 25RQCh. 17 - A student breathes at a rate of 20 breaths/min,...Ch. 17 - Prob. 27RQCh. 17 - Prob. 28RQCh. 17 - Assume a normal female has a resting tidal volume...Ch. 17 - Prob. 30RQCh. 17 - Prob. 31RQCh. 17 - Prob. 32RQCh. 17 - Prob. 33RQCh. 17 - Prob. 34RQCh. 17 - Prob. 35RQCh. 17 - Prob. 36RQ
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