The decay of a radioactive isotope can be theoretically modeled with the following equation, where C0 is the initial amount of the element at time zero and k is the decay rate of the isotope. Create a proper plot of the decay of isotope A [k = 1.48 hours]. Allow time to vary on the abscissa from 0 to = hours with an initial concentration of 10 grams of isotope A.
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- 1. For the following concentration expressions, indicate whether they are uniform or nonuniform and in how many dimensions (OD, 1D, 2D, or 3D), and steady or unsteady. Then for the following control volume and origin, and table of constants, use Excel or Matlab to graph profiles that show how concentration changes within the control volume and over time to a limit of 20 for the following: C(x,0,0,0), C(0,y,0,0), C(0,0,z,0) and C(0,0,0,t). On each graph, show which parameters are held constant, the CV boundaries, and the point where all four plots overlap. 20 C(x=0) 10 a 0.0001 b 0.001 | 20 0.01 k 0.1 100 All of the following functions are C(space, time) and so not necessarily just x as suggested. a. C,(x)= C,(x = 0)x exp{- ax}arrow_forwardThe stress profile shown below is applied to six different biological materials: Log Time (s] The mechanical behavior of each of the materials can be modeled as a Voigt body. In response to o,= 20 Pa applied to each of the six materials, the following responses are obtained: 2 of Maferial 6 Material 5 0.12 0.10 Material 4 0.08 Material 3 0.06 0.04 Material 2 0.02 Material 1 (a) Which of the materials has the highest Young's Modulus (E)? Why? Log Time (s) (b) Using strain value of 0.06, estimate the coefficient of viscosity (n) for Material 6. Stress (kPa) Strainarrow_forwardA 30 wt% Ni-70 wt% Cu alloy (Animated Figure 9.3a) is slowly cooled from 1400°C (2550°F) to 1150°C (2100°F). (a) At what temperature does the first solid phase form? i ! °C (b) What is the composition of this solid phase? i %wt Ni (c) At what temperature does the last of the liquid solidify? i °℃ (d) What is the composition of this last remaining liquid phase? i %wt Niarrow_forward
- The population of a community is known to increase at a rate proportional to the number of people present at time t. If an initial population P, has doubled in 7 years, how long will it take to triple? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) yr How long will it take to quadruple? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) yr еВookarrow_forwardThe heat transfer conducted through material is calculated from the equation: Q = KX AXTD/L Where K: Conductivity of material A: Area of heat transfer TD: Temperature difference across material L: Thickness of material A student measures the area, thickness and temperature difference and assumes that the error in conductivity is negligible. The student also estimates the uncertainty range for each variable. In estimating the maximum possible value of Q, the student should use the following formula: A B Q max= K x A max x TD max / L max Q max= K x A max x TD max / L nom Q max= Q nominal + dQ/dLmin Q max= K x A max x TD max / L minarrow_forwardAn aluminum plate measuring 15 cm long, 10 cm wide and 1 cm thick was cooled in air. At the time of cooling, the ambient temperature was equal to 23 °C. Experimental data were measured and are shown in Table 1. Calculate the Heat exchanged by the body in J. Consider in the answer one decimal place after the comma. Table 1 - Experimental data t(s) T (oC) 0 63 146 58 375 52 475 50 625 47 730 45 917 42 1056 40 1224 38 1391 36 1613 34 1895 32 Aluminum data: density = 2702 kg/m3; Cp = 903 J/kg K and k = 237 W/m Karrow_forward
- 16000 1.440 14000 1.435 12000 1.430 10000 1.425 8000 1.420 6000 1.415 4000 1.410 2000 1.405 1.400 45 15 20 25 30 35 40 Temperature ["C] +dynamic viscosity (mPas] + density (gicm") Figure 1 (a) As shown in Figure 1, viscosity and density of honey was found to decrease with increase in temperature. Explain the reasons behind these phenomenon related to Fluid Mechanics in microscopic view. Dynamic viscolsty [mPa.s] Density [g/cm³]arrow_forwardThe graph shows data gathered from a series of Charpy impact tests on a tempered 4340 steel alloy. Determine the temperature corresponding to the 95% bound of maximum impact energy. Impact Energy [J] 0 -250 Answer: -200 dºvo Vo Tempered 4340 Steel Alloy -150 -100 Temperature [C] (688) + IT a 5 -50 120 70 60 50 20 10 0arrow_forwardI1 Give an example how it is applied in molecular dynamics simulation and Monte carlo simulation? Typical distributions of particles in a volume (e.g. crystal structure for a solid, or distribution of masses and velocities in a “typical” galaxy) - Distributions of particle velocities/energies (e.g. Boltzmann distribution at a fixed temperature) - E.g. for a liquid it is common to start with a solid crystal structure and let the structure “melt” (by setting appropriate velocities corresponding to the liquid phase temperature!) - E.g. to setup a collision of two galaxies, you could try to generate a stable distribution of masses and velocities for a single galaxy first by performing a separate simulation -E.g. A simple model of a phase transition between a low temperature ordered phase (ferromagnet) and high temperature disordered phase (paramagnet) whats the difference in phase space in Molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation?arrow_forward
- Two kinds of bacteria are found in a sample of tainted food. It is found that the population size of type 1, N1 and of type 2, N2 satisfy the equation dN/dt=-0.1/N1 dN/dt30.7/N2 N1 is equal to 1000 at time equal to zero, while N2 is equal to 30 at time equal to zero. Then the population sizes are equal N1 = N2 at what time? (4 decimal places)arrow_forwardFor the following concentration expressions, indicate whether they are uniform or nonuniform and in how many dimensions (OD, 1D, 2D, or 3D), and steady or unsteady. Then for the following control volume and origin, and table of constants, use Excel or Matlab to graph profiles that show how concentration changes within the control volume and over time to a limit of 20 for the following: C(x,0,0,0), C(0,y,0,0), c(0,0,z,0) and C(0,0,0,t). On each graph, show which parameters are held constant, the CV boundaries, and the point where all four plots overlap. 20 C(x=0) 10 a 0.0001 b 0.001 20 0.01 y k 0.1 100 All of the following functions are C(space, time) and so not necessarily just x as suggested. a. C,(x)= C,(x = 0)x exp{- ax} d. C, (x) = C, (x = 0)x exp{-ax}x exp{- by² }x exp{-cz²}x exp{- kt}arrow_forwarddated metncpdf Thermodynamics An Engineering X E Module2-chap2propertiesofpure x O File C:/Users/DANIEL/Desktop/300L%202ND%20SEMESTER%20MATERIALS/Module2-chap2propertiesofpuresubstances-130703012604 phpap. ID Page view A Read aloud V Draw H Highlight O Erase 40 MEC 451 - THERMODYNAMICS Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UITM Supplementary Problems The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the tire. When the air temperature is 25°C, the pressure gage reads 210 kRa. If the volume of the tire is 0.025 m3, Cetermine the pressure rise in the tire when the air temperature in the tire rises to 50°C. Also, determine the amount of air that must be bled off to restore pressure to its original value at this temperature. Assume the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa. [ 26 kPa, 0.007 kg] 1. A 6 4 2:57 PM Lucky CORER 144 Tum lock 314 % 8 1/2 24 6 1/4 23 T K F pause Barrow_forward
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