Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 13CYR
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. Systole is the contraction portion of the cardiac cycle and diastole is the relaxation portion.
b. Atrial systole is responsible for ejecting most of the blood into the ventricles during the ventricular filling phase of the cardiac cycle.
c. The amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of the ventricular filling phase is the end-systolic volume.
d. The ventricular ejection phase generally correlates with the S-T segment and the T wave on the ECG.
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Which of the following is correct regarding the flow of blood in reference to the left side of the heart?
a. Blood flows from the left atrium, through the bicuspid valve, into the left ventricle, through the aortic semilunar valve, and then into the aortic arch
b. Blood flows from the left atrium, through the aortic semilunar valve, into the left ventricle, through the bicuspid valve, and then into the aortic arch
c. Blood flows from the left atrium, through the bicuspid valve, into the left ventricle, into the aortic arch, through the aortic semilunar valve, and then into systemic arterial system
All of the following are correct about the isovolumetric contraction, except ____________.
A. This phase of the cardiac cycle begins with the appearance of the QRS complex of the ECG, which represents atrial repolarization and ventricular depolarization
B. It represents the time period between the closure of the AV valves and the opening of the aortic and pulmonic valves, ventricular pressure rises rapidly without a change in ventricular volume
C. The rate of pressure increase in the ventricles is determined by the rate of contraction of the muscle fibers, which is determine by mechanisms governing excitation-contraction coupling
D. Ventricular chamber geometry changes considerably as the heart becomes more spheroid in shape; circumference increases and atrial base-to-apex length increases
Refer to the figure of the pressures in the cardiac cycle on the right side. Letters indicate time points and numbers indicate 2 different pressures. The pressure indicated by line #1 (in green) is....
A. Atrial pressure
B. Pulmonary trunk/artery pressure
C. Aortic pressure
D. Ventricular pressure
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 17.1 - Where is the heart located, and how large is it?Ch. 17.1 - What are the hearts upper and lower chambers...Ch. 17.1 - 3. From what sources does blood flow into the...Ch. 17.1 - 4. Which side of the heart is considered the...Ch. 17.1 - Which side of the heart is considered the systemic...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 2QCCh. 17.2 - 3. What are the three layers of the heart wall,...Ch. 17.2 - 4. What are the four main great vessels? From...Ch. 17.2 - How do the right and left ventricles differ in...
Ch. 17.2 - 6. Why do you think it is important to ensure via...Ch. 17.2 - 7. What is the overall pathway of blood flow...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 4QCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 5QCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 17.3 - How do pacemaker and contractile cells differ?...Ch. 17.3 - 2. What are intercalated discs? What is their...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 6QCCh. 17.3 - What is the sequence of events of a contractile...Ch. 17.3 - How does the refractory period of cardiac muscle...Ch. 17.3 - 7. What does an ECG record?
Ch. 17.3 - What are the five waves in an ECG, and what do...Ch. 17.4 - What causes the heart sounds S1 and S2?Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3QCCh. 17.4 - Is the end-diastolic or the end-systolic volume of...Ch. 17.4 - 5. Walk through the mechanical events of the...Ch. 17.4 - How do the ECG waves correlate with each part of...Ch. 17.4 - 7. How does the left ventricular pressure...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 1QCCh. 17.5 - What is cardiac output? How does it relate to...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 17.5 - What is the Frank-Starling law, and how does it...Ch. 17.5 - What is a chronotropic agent?Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 17.5 - 7. What effects does the parasympathetic nervous...Ch. 17.5 - How would a hormone that decreases the amount of...Ch. 17.5 - How is heart failure defined?Ch. 17 - 1. Mark the following statements as true or false....Ch. 17 - 2. The pericardial cavity is located between:
a....Ch. 17 - 3. Which of the following statements is true?
a....Ch. 17 - Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 17 - Fill in the blanks: The coronary arteries are the...Ch. 17 - 6. How do pacemaker cardiac muscle cells differ...Ch. 17 - 7. Cardiac muscle cells are joined by structures...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8CYRCh. 17 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 17 - 10. The _________is the primary pacemaker of the...Ch. 17 - The AV node delay: a. allows the atria and...Ch. 17 - Explain what each of the following terms...Ch. 17 - 13. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14CYRCh. 17 - 15. Fill in the blanks: The first heart sound is...Ch. 17 - Cardiac output is equal to: a. end-diastolic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17CYRCh. 17 - 18. Which of the following statements is false?
a....Ch. 17 - 1. A birth defect called transposition of great...Ch. 17 - 2. Predict which would be more damaging to...Ch. 17 - 3. When the SA node doesn’t function properly, the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 17 - Prob. 1AYKACh. 17 - You are a nursing student in a hospital, and a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 17 - Prob. 4AYKB
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- Describe the cardiac cycle.arrow_forwardThe period between the filling of the ventricles and the opening of the semilunar valves in the cardiac cycle is called: A. Atrial Systole B. Isovolumetirc ventricular contraction C. Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation D. Passive ventricular fillingarrow_forwardAn ECG measures a. changes in electrical potential during the cardiac cycle. b. Ca2+ concentration of the ventricles in diastole. c. the force of contraction of the atria during systole. d. the volume of blood being pumped during the contraction cycle.arrow_forward
- During the ventricular ejection phase of the normal human cardiac cycle, one option is correct: a. ejection takes less time than filling, in a resting human. b. the left ventricle diameter increases and the ventricle elongates from base to apex. c. papillary muscles close the atrioventricular valves. d. the chordae tendineae are relaxed. e. the apex beat is best felt in the anterior axillary line, fifth intercostal space.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are true concerning the opening and closing of the cardiac valves? A. valves operate according to the pressures on either side of the valve B. valve operation is constantly being controlled by the medulla oblongata C. valve operation is determined directly by the cardiac action potential (electrical currents control the opening and closing of the valves.) D. valve operation is directly controlled by the papillary muscles within the ventricular wall. E. None of the above is correct.arrow_forwardThe cardiac cycle consists of a distinct relaxation andcontraction phase. Which term is typically used to referventricular contraction while no blood is being ejected?a. systoleb. diastolec. quiescentd. isovolumic contractionarrow_forward
- Which of the following structures provides the anchoring site for the valves of the heart and prevents the conduction of electrophysiologic impulses form the atria to the ventricles? A. Chordae Tendineae B. Fibrous Pericardium C. Fibrous Skeleton of the heart D. MyocardiumE. Sinus Venosumarrow_forwardThe heart’s internal pacemaker beats by: a. an internal implant that sends an electrical impulse through the heart b. the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the sinoatrial node followed by the atrioventricular node c. the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the atrioventricular node followed by the sinoatrial node d. the action of the sinusarrow_forwardDuring which of the following periods are the large elastic arteries distributing blood to smaller arteries downstream, and aortic BP is slowly falling? a. Ventricular systole b. Atrial systole c. Ventricular diastole d. Atrial diastolearrow_forward
- Which of the following has a correct sequence in cardiac cycle? A. Atrial depolarization → Ventricular diastole → T-wave B. Atrial diastole → Closing of tricuspid valve → Early ventricular diastole C. Ventricular repolarization → Ventricular contraction → P-wave D. Ventricular diastole → Opening of the pulmonic valve → Atrial systolearrow_forwardThe events of the cardiac cycle cause cyclical changes in left ventricular pressure and volume over time. Another way to represent these events is with a pressure-volume loop, as shown below. Drag the labels from the left into the appropriate boxes on the pressure- volume loop to demonstrate your understanding of the cardiac cycle. Aortic valve closure AV valve opening Systolic pressure Isovolumetric relaxation Isovolumetric contraction 120 Diastolic pressure Ventricular filling 80 End-diastolic volume Ventricular ejection 40 AV valve closure End-systolic volume Aortic valve opening 60 120 LV volume (mL) O McGraw-Hill Education Reset LV pressure (mm Hg)arrow_forwardDuring the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, the heart is. a. contracting b. relaxing c. contracting and relaxing d. filling with bloodarrow_forward
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