Chapter 16.8, Problem 3CP

List the molecular and ionic species in order of increasing concentration in a solution of ascorbic acid $\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}\right)$.

a) $\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{HC}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{-}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{2-}\right]\text{ = }\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]$

b) $\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{HC}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{-}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{2-}\right]\text{ = }\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]$

c) $\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{2-}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{HC}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{-}\right]\text{ = }\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}\right]$

d) $\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}\text{O+}\right]\text{ = }\left[{\text{H}}_2{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{HC}}_6{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{-}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{2-}\right]$

e) $\left[{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_6{\text{O}}_6^{2-}\right]\text{ = }\left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{\text{4}}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{HC}}_6{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_6^{-}\right]\text{ < }\left[{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{O}}_{\text{6}}\right]$