a)
The amount of heat required for the process.
a)

Answer to Problem 94RP
The amount of heat required for the process is
Explanation of Solution
Write the energy balance equation for the reported process.
Here, input energy is
Write the expression to obtain the amount of heat required for the process
Here, number of moles is N, internal energy of the system at state 1 is
Write the expression to obtain the internal energy of the system at state 1
Here, enthalpy of the system at state 1 is
Write the expression to obtain the internal energy of the system at state 2
Here, enthalpy of the system at state 2 is
Write the expression to obtain the change in enthalpy of the system
Conclusion:
Substitute
Refer Table A-2c, “Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases”, obtain the specific heat relation as
Substitute
Here, constants are a, b, c and d.
Refer Table A-2c, “Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases”, obtain the values of constants a, b, c and d for methane as 19.89,
Substitute 19.89 for a,
Substitute
Thus, the amount of heat required for the process is
b)
The amount of heat required for the process.
b)

Answer to Problem 94RP
The amount of heat required for the process is
Explanation of Solution
Write the stoichiometric reaction for the dissociation process.
From the stoichiometric reaction, infer that the stoichiometric coefficient for methane
Write the expression to obtain the actual reaction for the dissociation process.
From the actual reaction, infer that the equilibrium composition contains x amount of methane
Write the expression to obtain the total number of moles
Here, number of moles of
Write the expression to obtain the equilibrium constant
Here, pressure is P.
Write the expression to obtain the mole fraction of Methane
Write the expression to obtain the mole fraction of carbon
Write the expression to obtain the mole fraction of hydrogen
Write the expression to obtain the amount of heat required for the process
Here, specific heat of methane is
Conclusion:
Write the carbon balance equation from Equation (VIII).
Write the hydrogen balance equation from Equation (VIII).
Substitute x for
Substitute
Substitute 0.641 for x in equation (XV).
Substitute 0.641 for x in equation (XVI).
Substitute 0.641 for x in equation (XVII).
Substitute 0.641 for x, 0.359 for y, and 0.718 for z in Equation (VIII).
Substitute 0.641 for x, and 1.718 for
Substitute 0.359 for x, and 1.718 for
Substitute 0.718 for x, and 1.718 for
Substitute 10 kmol for N, 0.37 for
Thus, the amount of heat required for the process is
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 16 Solutions
THERMODYNAMICS: ENG APPROACH LOOSELEAF
- Using a AutoCAD drawing the section view for the following multiview drawingarrow_forwardCan you help me by providing the MATLAB code?arrow_forwardThe figure illustrates the nonpermanent connection of a steel cylinder head to a grade 30 cast-iron pressure vessel using 73 bolts. A confined gasket seal has an effective sealing diameter D of 0.9 m. The cylinder pressure is cycled between a minimum pressure of zero and a maximum pressure p, of 535 kPa. For the specifications given in the table for the specific problem assigned, select a suitable bolt length from the preferred sizes. Use Table A-17 for calculation purposes. Parameter Head thickness, A Cylinder thickness, B Value 16 mm 25 mm Internal diameter of the cylinder, C 0.8 m Gasket sealing diameter, D Bolt circle diameter, E Outer diameter of the cylinder head, F 0.9 m 1.0 m 1.1 m Bolt grade ISO 10.9 Bolt diameter, d 10 mm F E D 111 Find a suitable bolt length. Then, determine the bolt stiffness, material stiffness and stiffness constant of the joint. The bolt length is The bolt stiffness is mm. MN/m. The material stiffness is | The stiffness constant is MN/m.arrow_forward
- Problem 3 A rotating shaft of 20 mm diameter is simply supported. The shaft is loaded with a transverse load of 10 kN as shown in the figure. The shaft is made from AISI 1095 hot-rolled steel. The surface has been machined. The shaft operate at temperature T = 450 °C. Consider a reliability factor of 95%. Determine (a) Calculate the reaction forces R₁ and R2* (b) Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams and determine the maximum bending moment and shear force. 200 mm 20 mm 10,000 N -50 mm- C A B R₁ Not to scale. (c) Determine the critical location of the shaft and the maximum effective stresses, (d) Calculate the static safety factor against yielding. (e) Determined the endurance limit, adjusted as necessary with Marin factors. (f) Calculate the fatigue factor of safety based on achieving infinite life (g) If the fatigue factor of safety is less than 1, then estimate the life of the part in number of rotations, based on the ultimate strength of the material at T = 450 °C.arrow_forwardAn air duct heater consists of an aligned array of electrical heating elements in which the longitudinal and transverse pitches are SL = ST = 24 mm. There are 3 rows of elements in the flow direction (NL = 3) and 4 elements per row (NT = 4). Atmospheric air with an upstream velocity of 12 m/s and a temperature of 25°C moves in cross flow over the elements, which have a diameter of 12 mm, a length of 250 mm, and are maintained at a surface temperature of 350°C. (a) Determine the total rate of heat transfer to the air and the temperature of the air leaving the duct heater. (b) Determine the pressure drop across the element bank and the fan power requirement. (c) Compare the average convection coefficient obtained in your analysis with the value for an isolated (single) element. Explain the difference between the results. (d) What effect would increasing the longitudinal and transverse pitches to 30 mm have on the exit temperature of the air, the total heat rate, and the…arrow_forwardWhat is the elongation of the rod in inches? And what is the change in diameter? I dont want either answer rounded please! Thank you.arrow_forward
- Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam and loading shown, and determine the maximum absolute value of (a) the shear, (b) the bending moment. 300 lb 240 lb 360 lb C D E A 4 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in. Fig. P12.5arrow_forwardA commercial office building is located in the city of Lansing, Michigan, and is heatedusing a gaseous fuel with a heating value of 725 Btu/std ft3. The indoor designtemperature is 71ºF. The heat load for the building is known to be 250,000 Btu/hr. Thisheat load accounts for the fact that there are internal heat gains in the building, due tothe presence of people and electronic equipment (e.g., lights and radios). People in thebuilding are usually seated and involved in light activity.a) The furnace had an initial efficiency factor of 73% when installed, but since thenefficiency-improvement retrofits were implemented that raised the efficiency factorto its present value of 82%. The building was designed using the 99% designheating temperature value for the city to determine the outdoor design temperature.Evaluate the annual fuel quantity (in std ft3) required to heat the building, using thedegree-day or bin method.b) Seventy people use the building, but the occupancy pattern for the…arrow_forwardThe volumetric flow rate of air through a duct transition of the type shown in Table 12-9b (rectangular with two parallel sides) is 2 m3/s. The duct before the transition issquare, with a height of 50 cm. The expansion ratio across the transition is 4 (i.e., theduct area after the transition is 4 times greater than the duct area before the transition).a) Determine the pressure loss (in Pa) across the transition if the exit from the duct isabrupt (i.e., the diverging angle of the transition is 180º).b) Determine the percentage reduction in pressure loss for a transition diverging angleof 20º compared to the one in part (a).c) The head HVAC engineer requires the pressure loss across the transition to bereduced to less than 50% of the pressure loss for an abrupt exit (i.e., the case in part(a)), and suggests a transition diverging angle of 45º. Will this new diverging angleachieve the required reduction in pressure loss? Justify your answer.d) For a transition diverging angle of 90º, the…arrow_forward
- The volumetric flow rate of air through a duct transition of the type shown in Table 12-9b (rectangular with two parallel sides) is 2 m3/s. The duct before the transition issquare, with a height of 50 cm. The expansion ratio across the transition is 4 (i.e., theduct area after the transition is 4 times greater than the duct area before the transition).a) Determine the pressure loss (in Pa) across the transition if the exit from the duct isabrupt (i.e., the diverging angle of the transition is 180º).b) Determine the percentage reduction in pressure loss for a transition diverging angleof 20º compared to the one in part (a).c) The head HVAC engineer requires the pressure loss across the transition to bereduced to less than 50% of the pressure loss for an abrupt exit (i.e., the case in part(a)), and suggests a transition diverging angle of 45º. Will this new diverging angleachieve the required reduction in pressure loss? Justify your answer.d) For a transition diverging angle of 90º, the…arrow_forwardAuto Controls The figure is a schematic diagram of an aircraft elevator control system. The input to the systemin the deflection angle of the control lever , and the output is the elevator angle phi.show that for each angle theta of the control lever ,there is a corresponding elevator angle phi. Then find Y(s)/theta(s) and simplify the resulting transfer function . Also note from the diagram that y and phi is related Show full solution, no copied solutionsarrow_forwardhand-written solutions only. correct answers upvotedarrow_forward
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY





