Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 16.2, Problem 2LO
Summary Introduction
To describe: The common features of DNA-binding motifs.
Introduction: Regulatory protein or gene regulatory protein that is transcribed from the DNA molecule by the transcription process with the help of RNA polymerase enzyme. These regulatory proteins include transcription factors that help to control protein synthesis in cells.
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Discuss the structural significance of complementarity in DNAand in RNA.
DNA molecules consist of chemically linked sequences of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, denoted A, G, C, and T. A sequence of three basesiscalleda codon. A base may appear more than once in a codon. a) How many different codons are there? b) The bases A and G are purines, while C and T are pyrimidines. How many codons are there whose first and third bases are purines and whose second base is a pyrimidine? c) How many codons consist of three different bases?
Draw the complete structure of uridine 5′-phosphate, one of the four major ribonucleotides.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.2 - Explain how proteins can interact with base-pairs...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.3 - Explain control of gene expression in the trp...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.5 - Describe at least two kinds of epigenetic mark.Ch. 16.5 - Explain the function of chromatin-remodeling...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16 - Prob. 1DACh. 16 - What advantage might a bacterium gain by linking...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2IQCh. 16 - Prob. 3IQCh. 16 - In prokaryotes, control of gene expression usually...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2UCh. 16 - Prob. 3UCh. 16 - The lac operon is controlled by two main proteins....Ch. 16 - In eukaryotes, binding of RNA polymerase to a...Ch. 16 - In eukaryotes, the regulation of gene expression...Ch. 16 - In the trp operon, the repressor binds to DNA a....Ch. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Specific transcription factors in eukaryotes...Ch. 16 - Repression in the trp operon and induction in the...Ch. 16 - Regulation by small RNAs and alternative splicing...Ch. 16 - Eukaryotic mRNAs differ from prokaryotic mRNAs in...Ch. 16 - In the cell cycle, cyclin proteins are produced in...Ch. 16 - A mechanism of control in E. coli not discussed in...Ch. 16 - You have isolated a series of mutants affecting...Ch. 16 - Examples of positive and negative control of...Ch. 16 - What forms of eukaryotic control of gene...Ch. 16 - The number and type of proteins found in a cell...
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- Describe the d=features of the following DNA-binding domains and how they interact with DNA. Helix-turn-Helix Zinc Finger Leucine Zipper Helix-loop-Helixarrow_forwardIn the tertiary structure of tRNA, where is the anticodon region relative to the attachment site for the amino acid? Are these located adjacent to each other?arrow_forwardDescribe the major structural features of tRNA.arrow_forward
- The structures of tRNAs contain several unusual bases in addition to the typical four. Suggest a function for the unusual bases.arrow_forwardA tRNA has an anticodon sequence 3′– GGU–5′. Identify the amino acidit is carrying?arrow_forwardDescribe the steric interactions that determine the conformations that pyrimidine nucleosides assume.arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of each nucleotide: (a) UMP; (b) dTMP; (c) AMP.arrow_forwardDescribe the helix-turn-helix (HTF) motif?arrow_forwardWithin a protein, certain amino acids are positively charged (e.g.,lysine and arginine), some are negatively charged (e.g., glutamateand aspartate), some are polar but uncharged, and some are nonpolar.If you knew that a DNA-binding protein was recognizingthe DNA backbone rather than a base sequence, which aminoacids in the protein would be good candidates for interacting withthe DNA?arrow_forward
- Describe the critical role that complementary base-pairing plays in replication, transcription, and translation.arrow_forwardExplain the contribution of features of the beta-sheet to the stability of the protein.arrow_forwardConsider the following in light of the concept of levels of structure (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary)as defined for proteins.(a) What level is shown by double-stranded DNA?(b) What level is shown by tRNA?(c) What level is shown by mRNA?arrow_forward
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