Chapter 16.11, Problem 16.13P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction has to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Aldehyde and ketones are one such an important group in the organic compounds. Both of these compounds contain carbonyl group $\text{C=O}$.

In aldehyde $\text{C=O}$ attach with hydrogen and R. $\left(R-CHO\right)$

In ketone $\text{C=O}$ attach with two R groups, they can be represented as $R-CO-R^{\text{'}}$

The reduction of ketone or aldehyde to alkane using zinc amalgam and hydrochloric acid is known as Clemmensen reduction.

The reaction can be represented as follows,

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

The given reaction has to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Aldehyde and ketones are one such an important group in the organic compounds. Both of these compounds contain carbonyl group $\text{C=O}$.

In aldehyde $\text{C=O}$ attach with hydrogen and R. $\left(R-CHO\right)$

In ketone $\text{C=O}$ attach with two R groups, they can be represented as $R-CO-R^{\text{'}}$

The reduction of ketone or aldehyde to alkane using zinc amalgam and hydrochloric acid is known as Clemmensen reduction.

The reaction can be represented as follows,

The Wolf-Kishner reduction is complementary reaction to the Clemmensen reduction of carbonyl compounds and in this reaction carbonyl functionalities convert into methylene groups.

The conversion of CO groups into $C{H}_2\left(methylene\right)$ groups by heating their hydrozones, semicarbozones, or azines of carbonyl compounds in the presence of sodium ethoxide or sodium hydroxide,

The reaction can be represented as shown below,