
(a)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s given numbering to this compound as follows,
The parent chain contains 9 carbon atoms; in the fifth carbon atom a ketone functional group is attached.
Thus, according to IUPAC this compound can be named as 5-Nonanone.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups,
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s write give the numbering to this compound.
This parent ring has five carbon atoms; a methyl group was attached to the second carbon atom. Therefore, according to the IUPAC rules, the compound can be named as
Here, this compound has a chiral center (it is highlighted as *); its configuration can be specified as follows,
The numbering follows an anti-clock wise direction and so molecule is in as S configuration.
Thus, the compound name can be written as
(c)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s give the numbering to the given compound.
The parent hydrocarbon chain has two functional groups and they are
(d)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing atomic mass of atoms attached to it.
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
(d)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s write give the numbering to this compound.
This parent chain has three carbon atoms; a methyl group was attached to the second carbon atom and hydroxyl group was attached to the third carbon atom. Therefore, according to the IUPAC rules, the compound can be named as 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-propanal.
Here, this compound has a chiral center (it is highlighted as *); its configuration can be specified as follows,
The numbering of substituents on the chiral center follows clock wise direction and so molecule is in R configuration.
Thus, the compound name can be written as (R)-3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-propanal.
(e)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
(e)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s give the numbering to the given compound.
A phenyl ring is attached to the first carbon atom in the three membered parent carbon chains. According to IUPAC the aldehyde group has higher priority. Thus the compound can be named as 1-phenyl-1-propanone.
(f)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing atomic mass of atoms attached to it.
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
(f)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s write give the numbering to this compound.
This parent ring has six carbon atoms; a hydroxyl (–OH) and a phenyl ring were attached to the first and fifth carbon atoms in the parent chain respectively. Therefore, according to the IUPAC rules, the compound can be named as 5-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-3-hexanone.
Here, this compound has a chiral center (it is highlighted as *); its configuration can be specified as follows,
The numbering follows an anti-clock wise direction and so molecule is in as S configuration.
Thus, the compound name can be written as (S)-5-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-3-hexanone.
(g)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
(g)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s give the numbering to the given compound.
The parent hydrocarbon ring has five carbon atoms. A propyl group was attached to the second carbon atom in the ring and two ketone groups were present in first and third carbon atom respectively. Thus the compound can be named as
(h)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
(h)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s give the numbering to the given compound.
The parent hydrocarbon chain has five carbon atoms with two aldehydes on both ends. Thus according to IUPAC the compound can be named as pentanedial.
(i)
Interpretation:
The given compound’s IUPAC name has to be determined and the relevant stereochemistry should be specified.
Concept introduction:
The functional group in the aldehydes and Ketones are carbonyl group.
Naming Aldehydes:
Aldehydes have at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon atom.
The IUPAC naming of aldehydes is obtained by replacing the final "e" on the name of the parent hydrocarbon with "al".
For example:
Naming Ketones:
The IUPAC name of a ketones are obtained by replacing the "e" on the end of the parent hydrocarbon with "one".
Only few ketones have common name.
For example:
Naming of compounds with two functional groups;
If a compound has two functional groups, the one with lower priority is indicated by a prefix and another with the higher priority by a suffix.
(i)

Explanation of Solution
The given compound is as follows.
Let’s give the numbering to the given compound.
The parent hydrocarbon chain has two functional groups and they are bromine and ketone. According to IUPAC the bromine has higher priority. Thus the compound can be named as 2-bromo-3-pentanone.
Here, this compound has a chiral center (it is highlighted as *); its configuration can be specified as follows,
The numbering follows a clock wise direction and so molecule is in R configuration.
Thus, the compound name can be written as (R)-2-bromo-3-pentanone.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
OWLv2 with MindTap Reader, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card for Brown/Iverson/Anslyn/Foote's Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition
- The reaction of what nucleophile and substrate is represented by the following transition state? CH3 CH3O -Br อ δ CH3 Methanol with 2-bromopropane Methanol with 1-bromopropane Methoxide with 1-bromopropane Methoxide with 2-bromopropanearrow_forwardWhat is the stepwise mechanism for this reaction?arrow_forward32. Consider a two-state system in which the low energy level is 300 J mol 1 and the higher energy level is 800 J mol 1, and the temperature is 300 K. Find the population of each level. Hint: Pay attention to your units. A. What is the partition function for this system? B. What are the populations of each level? Now instead, consider a system with energy levels of 0 J mol C. Now what is the partition function? D. And what are the populations of the two levels? E. Finally, repeat the second calculation at 500 K. and 500 J mol 1 at 300 K. F. What do you notice about the populations as you increase the temperature? At what temperature would you expect the states to have equal populations?arrow_forward
- 30. We will derive the forms of the molecular partition functions for atoms and molecules shortly in class, but the partition function that describes the translational and rotational motion of a homonuclear diatomic molecule is given by Itrans (V,T) = = 2πmkBT h² V grot (T) 4π²IKBT h² Where h is Planck's constant and I is molecular moment of inertia. The overall partition function is qmolec Qtrans qrot. Find the energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Helmholtz free energy for the translational and rotational modes of 1 mole of oxygen molecules and 1 mole of iodine molecules at 50 K and at 300 K and with a volume of 1 m³. Here is some useful data: Moment of inertia: I2 I 7.46 x 10- 45 kg m² 2 O2 I 1.91 x 101 -46 kg m²arrow_forwardK for each reaction step. Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. HI HaC Drawing Arrows! H3C OCH3 H 4 59°F Mostly sunny H CH3 HO O CH3 'C' CH3 Select to Add Arrows CH3 1 L H&C. OCH3 H H H H Select to Add Arrows Q Search Problem 30 of 20 H. H3C + :0: H CH3 CH3 20 H2C Undo Reset Done DELLarrow_forwardDraw the principal organic product of the following reaction.arrow_forward
- Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided structures, draw the curved arrows that epict the mechanistic steps for the proton transfer between a hydronium ion and a pi bond. Draw any missing organic structures in the empty boxes. Be sure to account for all lone-pairs and charges as well as bond-breaking and bond-making steps. 2 56°F Mostly cloudy F1 Drawing Arrows > Q Search F2 F3 F4 ▷11 H. H : CI: H + Undo Reset Done DELLarrow_forwardCalculate the chemical shifts in 13C and 1H NMR for 4-chloropropiophenone ? Write structure and label hydrogens and carbons. Draw out the benzene ring structure when doing itarrow_forward1) Calculate the longest and shortest wavelengths in the Lyman and Paschen series. 2) Calculate the ionization energy of He* and L2+ ions in their ground states. 3) Calculate the kinetic energy of the electron emitted upon irradiation of a H-atom in ground state by a 50-nm radiation.arrow_forward
- Calculate the ionization energy of He+ and Li²+ ions in their ground states. Thannnxxxxx sirrr Ahehehehehejh27278283-4;*; shebehebbw $+$;$-;$-28283773838 hahhehdvaarrow_forwardPlleeaasseee solllveeee question 3 andd thankss sirr, don't solve it by AI plleeaasseee don't use AIarrow_forwardCalculate the chemical shifts in 13C and 1H NMR for 4-chloropropiophenone ? Write structure and label hydrogens and carbonsarrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
