Chapter 16.1, Problem 16.2WE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the species in the given equation has to be labeled as acid, base, conjugate acid or conjugate base.

Concept Information:

When a Bronsted acid donates a proton, what remains of the acid is known as a conjugate base; when a Bronsted base accepts a proton, the newly formed protonated species is known as a conjugate acid.  This can be given by the below equation as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

The reactant that loses a proton is the acid and the reactant that gains a proton is the base.

Each product is the conjugate of one of the reactant.

Two species that differ only by a proton constitute a conjugate pair

Addition of proton to a species gives its conjugate acid whereas removal of proton from a species gives its conjugate base.

To Label: The equation ${\text{HF}}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + NH}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}\rightleftarrows {\text{F}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + NH}}_{\text{4}}{{}^{\text{+}}}_{\text{(aq)}}$ as acid, base, conjugate acid or conjugate base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the species in the given equation has to be labeled as acid, base, conjugate acid or conjugate base.

Concept Information:

When a Bronsted acid donates a proton, what remains of the acid is known as a conjugate base; when a Bronsted base accepts a proton, the newly formed protonated species is known as a conjugate acid.  This can be given by the below equation as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

The reactant that loses a proton is the acid and the reactant that gains a proton is the base.

Each product is the conjugate of one of the reactant.

Two species that differ only by a proton constitute a conjugate pair

Addition of proton to a species gives its conjugate acid whereas removal of proton from a species gives its conjugate base.

To Label: The equation ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COO}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}\rightleftarrows {\text{CH3COOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + OH}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ as acid, base, conjugate acid or conjugate base.