Chapter 16.1, Problem 16.11QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Match the type of radiation (1 to 3) with each of the following statement:

1. Alpha particle

2. Beta particle

3. Gamma radiation

a. Does not penetrate skin

b. Shielding protection includes lead or thick concrete

c. Can be very harmful if ingested

.” should be explained

Concept introduction:

► Alpha particles (${}_2{}^4\alpha$) decay:

When an alpha particle decays then the new nucleus has 4 unit decrease in mass number and 2 unit decrease in atomic number.

► Beta particle (${}_{-1}{}^0\beta$) decay:

When a beta particle is decayed than the new nucleus has same in mass number and 1 unit’s increases in atomic number.

► Positron particle (${}_{+1}{}^0\beta$) decay:

When a positron particle decays then the new nucleus has same mass number and 1 unit decrease in atomic number.

► Gamma ray (${}_0{}^0\gamma$) emission:

This gamma ray does not affect the nuclear mass and the atomic number. It never emits independently. It emits either with alpha particle or beta particles.