Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined. 2 SO 3 ( g ) + 197 kJ ⇌ 2SO 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) Concept Introduction: Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows: 1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants. 2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect. 3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction. 4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Indicate the processes in the dismutation of Cu2O.

1. Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction. 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 Potential Energy (kJ) 600 400 200 0 -200- -400 -600- -800 (i) Cl₂ (g) + Pt(s) → 2Cl (g) + Pt(s) (ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) → CICO (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ Ea = 2240 kJ (iii) Cl (g) + CICO (g) → Cl₂CO (g) Ea = 2350 kJ AH=-950 kJ ΔΗ = 575 ΚΙ AH=-825 kJ a. Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction. Label the data points for clarity. The potential energy of the reactants is 600 kJ Reaction Progress b. What is the overall chemical equation? c. What is the overall change in enthalpy for the above chemical reaction? d. What is the overall amount of activation energy for the above chemical reaction? e. Which reaction intermediate would be considered a catalyst (if any) and why? f. If you were to add 2700kJ of energy to the reaction (e.g. 2700 kl of heat or electricity), would you be able to make the reaction reverse itself (i.e. have…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 8PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

2SO3(g)+197 kJ⇌2SO2(g)+O2(g)

Concept Introduction:

Le Chatelier’s principle states that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions. This principle follows certain conditions that are as follows:

1 With increase in concentration of reactants the reaction moves towards forward direction thus this increases the concentration of products. Whereas with increase in concentration of product reaction shifts towards reverse direction. This increases the concentration of reactants.

2 Change in volume affects rate of reaction only for the gaseous molecules. With increase in volume pressure decreases and equilibrium shifts towards left side to favor reactants. Whereas decrease in volume shifts equilibrium towards that side that has less number of moles of gaseous atoms to reduce the effect.

3 With increase in temperature reaction rate rises due to rise in kinetic energy. In case of endothermic reaction that is when energy is absorbed then the reaction moves in forward direction. In case of exothermic reaction that is when energy is released then reaction moves in backward direction.

4 Catalyst is a substance that affects rate of chemical reaction and thus there is no effect of it in equilibrium of reaction.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 16.1P Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2P Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.3P Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.4P Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.5P Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.6P Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.7P Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.8P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 16.9P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 16.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains Le Chatelier's principle that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions.

Videos

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 16 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains Le Chatelier's principle that changes at equilibrium in system respond to reduce the changes and bring back the system to restore its equilibrium under new conditions.

Videos

Interpretation: Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined. 4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a).

Interpretation: Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined. OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a).

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 16 Solutions

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

4NH3(g)+3O2(g)⇌2N2(g)+6H2O(g)+1531 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

Direction of shift of equilibrium with changes brought in below equation has to be determined.

OF2(g)+H2O(g)⇌O2(g)+2HF(g)+318 kJ

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).