Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134396026
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 6CP
Summary Introduction
To determine:
Effect of drug that stimulate cholinergic receptors on the sympathetic nervous system.
Introduction:
Cholinergic receptor is a point present in the meeting junction of neurons or the effectors that gives response to the acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is secreted by the neurons. It carries the message from receptors to brain and then to effectors and vice versa. They are of two types:
- Muscarinic AChRs (Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor).
- Nicotinic AChRs (Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor).
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Why might drugs that work upon dopamine receptors might also work upon norepinephrine receptors, as well? What concept does this illustrate?
Malathion is an insecticide commonly used in the horticultural industry. Many homeowners
apply this chemical to their trees to rid them of infestation by aphids or other
insects. Malathion is classified as an organophosphate insecticide. Exposure to malathion
is very dangerous to humans and animals because it acts as an irreversible inhibitor of
acetylcholinesterase. Predict what might happen to synaptic communication between
cholinergic neurons if an individual or animal was poisoned with malathion, and clearly describe the mechanisms at work.
Cocaine blocks the removal of dopamine from the synapse, leading to a rapid rise of dopamine in the synapse. Which of the following best describes what will likely occur as a result of increased dopamine in the synapse?
The presynaptic cell will be unable to release more neurotransmitter.
the postsynaptic cell will return to its resting potential, causing feelings of well-being.
The postsynaptic cell will be constantly activated, causing feelings of euphoria.
The postsynaptic cell will respond more quickly to a change in output of the presynaptic cell, causing feelings of euphoria.
The buildup of neurotransmitter will activate the presynaptic cell, causing feelings of euphoria.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1CPCh. 16 - Prob. 2CPCh. 16 - Prob. 3CPCh. 16 - Prob. 4CPCh. 16 - Prob. 5CPCh. 16 - Prob. 6CPCh. 16 - Prob. 7CPCh. 16 - Prob. 8CPCh. 16 - Prob. 9CPCh. 16 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 16 - Name the two types of cholinergic receptors on the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12CPCh. 16 - Prob. 13CPCh. 16 - Prob. 14CPCh. 16 - Prob. 15CPCh. 16 - Prob. 16CPCh. 16 - Prob. 17CPCh. 16 - Prob. 18CPCh. 16 - Prob. 19CPCh. 16 - Prob. 20CPCh. 16 - Prob. 21CPCh. 16 - Prob. 22CPCh. 16 - Prob. 23CPCh. 16 - Prob. 24CPCh. 16 - Prob. 25CPCh. 16 - Prob. 26CPCh. 16 - Prob. 27CPCh. 16 - Prob. 28CPCh. 16 - Prob. 1RQCh. 16 - Prob. 2RQCh. 16 - Prob. 3RQCh. 16 - Prob. 4RQCh. 16 - Prob. 5RQCh. 16 - Prob. 6RQCh. 16 - Prob. 7RQCh. 16 - What are the components of a visceral reflex arc?Ch. 16 - Prob. 9RQCh. 16 - Prob. 10RQCh. 16 - Prob. 11RQCh. 16 - All preganglionic autonomic fibers release _____...Ch. 16 - Prob. 13RQCh. 16 - Prob. 14RQCh. 16 - Prob. 15RQCh. 16 - Prob. 16RQCh. 16 - Prob. 17RQCh. 16 - Prob. 18RQCh. 16 - Prob. 19RQCh. 16 - Prob. 20RQCh. 16 - Prob. 21RQCh. 16 - Prob. 22RQCh. 16 - Prob. 23RQCh. 16 - Prob. 24RQCh. 16 - Prob. 25RQCh. 16 - Prob. 26RQCh. 16 - Prob. 27RQCh. 16 - Prob. 28RQCh. 16 - Prob. 29RQCh. 16 - Prob. 30RQCh. 16 - Prob. 31RQCh. 16 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16 - Prob. 2CCCh. 16 - Prob. 3CC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What are neurotransmitters ? Why are they used ?arrow_forwardStudies have shown that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have lower than normal amounts of dopamine and norepinephrine excitatory neurotransmitters in their synapses. Methylphenidate is one of the drugs prescribed to individuals with ADHD. It prevents the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters from the synapses, thereby keeping these neurotransmitters in the synapses longer. Which of the following rows correctly identify the effects of methylphenidate in individuals with ADHD? Select one: a. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to potassium ions. b. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to potassium ions. c. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to sodium ions. d. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to sodium ions.arrow_forwardStudies have shown that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have lower than normal amounts of dopamine and norepinephrine excitatory neurotransmitters in their synapses. Methylphenidate is one of the drugs prescribed to individuals with ADHD. It prevents the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters from the synapses, thereby keeping these neurotransmitters in the synapses longer. Which of the following rows correctly identify the effects of methylphenidate in individuals with ADHD? Select one: a. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to potassium ions. b. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to potassium ions. c. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to sodium ions. d. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to sodium ions.arrow_forward
- How will you classify these drugs, cholinergic agonists or antagonists? Why?arrow_forwardWhy are many drugs that are used to treat nervous system diseases or to affect brain function targeted to specific receptors rather than particular neurotransmitters?arrow_forwardcompare and contrast the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Use the following scenarios: Scenario 1: You are walking outside late at night and you hear something in the bushes as you approach your home. Which system will dominate and what physiological changes will occur? Scenario 2: You have just finished a big dinner and now you are relaxing in your recliner to watch the big ball game. Which system will dominate and what physiological changes will occur? Be sure to at least include what happens to heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. You may include other physiological variables as well. "Not a homework assignment"arrow_forward
- Valium and other benzodiazepines enhance function of which synaptic receptors?arrow_forwardAs dopamine neurotransmitters are also responsible for producing feelings of euphoria (pleasure), many people affected with Parkinson's disease suffer from depression. A common treatment for Parkinson's is Levodopa, a chemical that turns into dopamine when it passes into the brain. From what you have learned about synapses, explain if people being treated with Levodopa for Parkinson's symptoms would require additional treatment for depression?arrow_forwardHaloperidol is a drug that interferes with the transmission of dopamine among neurons. What effect would it probably have on someone who is suffering from Parkinson's disease?arrow_forward
- Depression is a condition in which sufferers may feel low mood, lack of motivation and sleep. It is caused by a lack of serotonin in the synaptic cleft of neurone pathways. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter. a) Describe how serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter. Using your understanding of synaptic transmission, explain how communication between neurones in serotonin pathways of the brain would be affected in someone with depression. b) Doctors use tubocurarine drug as an anaesthetic as it temporarily paralyses muscles. It blocks receptors at neuromuscular junctions. Why does this lead to paralysis?arrow_forwardImagine that a new type of psychoactive drug has been developed in a laboratory. It works by slowing the reuptake of dopamine in some brain circuits, increasing the amount of dopamine in the synapse. It also blocks serotonin binding in other brain circuits. Based on only this information, you can conclude that this new psychoactive drug is a: dopamine and serotonin antagonist. dopamine antagonist and serotonin agonist. dopamine and serotonin agonist. dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist.arrow_forwardThe therapeutic effect of Aricept (generic donepezil) is due toA: binding of the drug to voltage-gated sodium channels.C: the drug producing an IPSP on the postsynaptic membrane.D: the drug causing the reuptake of acetylcholine at the synapse.E: the drug maintaining higher concentrations of acetylcholine at synapsearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningBasic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:Cengage
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...
Nursing
ISBN:9781285244662
Author:White
Publisher:Cengage
Nervous System - Get to know our nervous system a bit closer, how does it works? | Neurology; Author: FreeMedEducation;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O-0CVAgaEM;License: Standard youtube license