Chapter 16, Problem 54E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The oxidation state of $\text{S}$ is to be determined for each given ions.

Concept introduction:

Electron losing tendency of any atom is oxidation state of that atom.

Oxidation state is defined as a charge which an atom of the element has in its ion or appears to have when present in the combined state with other atoms

Rule for calculation of oxidation state is as follows:

In free element oxidation state of atom is $0$.

In monoatomic ion oxidation is equal to its charge.

The sum of oxidation of all atoms in neutral molecule is equal to $0$.

In ionic compound oxidation state is equal to the charge on the compound.

Alkali metal and alkaline earth metals have +1 and +2 oxidation state respectively.

Oxidation state of oxygen is $-2$.

The oxidation of non-metals can be calculated by hierarchical table.