Essentials of Biology (5th International Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259660269
Author: Sylvia S. Mader, Dr., Michael Windelspecht
Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 2TC
The Hawaiian Islands are located thousands of kilometers from any mainland. Each island arose from the sea bottom and was colonized by plants and animals that drifted in on ocean currents or winds. Each island has a unique environment in which its inhabitants have evolved consequently, most of the plant and animal species on the islands do not exist anywhere else in the world.
In contrast, on the islands of the Florida Keys, there are no unique or indigenous species. All of the species on those islands also exist on the mainland
Suggest an explanation for these two different patterns of
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The Abert and the Kaibab species of squirrels live on opposite ends of the Grand Canyon. Physically they are very similar to each other, which leads scientist to think that when the Grand Canyon was shallower (millions of years ago) the populations use to have genetic contact (sexual reproduction). In present day, they are completely isolated from each other. When tested the Abert and Kaibab squirrels cannot produce a fertile offspring. This is an example of ___ speciation. [Fill in the blank]
Changing conditions put intense pressure on organisms-some of which become extinct. For example,
of the original 62 species of honeycreeper found in Hawaii only 18 remain. Scientists have the
technologies that may allow bringing back organisms that have become extinct. This brings up ethical
questions about the cost/benefit of resurrecting extinct species and whether it is the right thing to do.
Joseph Bennett, a professor of biology at Carleton University in Ontario, wanted to determine the cost of
resurrecting and maintaining an extinct species. Since the up-front cost of resurrecting an extinct
species is very difficult to determine, the researchers decided instead to look at the cost of
reintroducing and protecting a resurrected organism in the wild. To accomplish this, the researchers
considered 70 animals from New Zealand and 29 animals from New South Wales that went extinct within
the last 1,000 years. From this list, they chose 11 New Zealand species and five NSW species that…
Which part of these statements isn't right ?
A species is a group of organisms that can potentially interbreed with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring. Speciation is when two new species form from one original one. Sympatric speciation occurs when there is a geographic separation of a population. Allopatric speciation occurs while the population remains in the same area. Adaptive radiation occurs when one species evolves into many to fill several different niches.
Natural selection requires traits to be passed from parent to offspring, more offspring are produced than can survive creating competition, and inherited traits vary among offspring.
Fossils, Anatomy and embryology, biogeography, and molecular biology all provide support for the theory of evolution.
Evolution can be driven by many different things. Mutations are changes in DNA that create new alleles in a population. Gene flow is the flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration…
Chapter 16 Solutions
Essentials of Biology (5th International Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.1 - 3. Contrast allopatric speciation with sympatric...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 1A
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 3ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 4ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 5ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 6ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 7ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 8ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 9ACh. 16.1 - Prob. 10ACh. 16.2 - Understand how the geological timescale reflects...Ch. 16.2 - Contrast the gradualistic model of evolution with...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.2 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 11ACh. 16.2 - Prob. 12ACh. 16.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 13ACh. 16.3 - Prob. 14ACh. 16.3 - Prob. 15ACh. 16 - Prob. 1BYBCh. 16 - What processes drive the evolution of new species?...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3BYBCh. 16 - Prob. S14.2BYBCh. 16 - Prob. S15.1BYBCh. 16 - Prob. S15.2BYBCh. 16 - Prob. 1TCCh. 16 - The Hawaiian Islands are located thousands of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is false? Punctuated equilibrium is most likely to occur in a small population that experiences a rapid change in its environment. Punctuated equilibrium is most likely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate. Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in species that live in a stable climate. Gradual speciation and punctuated equilibrium both result in the evolution of new species.arrow_forwardWhich of the below best explains why the 14 finch species of the Galapagos Islands are a good example of adaptive radiation? Group of answer choices The 14 finch species originated from 14 different ancestral species that all arrived to the Galapagos over a relatively short time period. The 14 finch species originated over a relatively short time period from a single species. The 14 finch species most likely originated as a result of polyploidy. The 14 finch species on the Galapagos Islands are actually not a good example of adaptive radiation. The 14 finch species evolved their characteristics separately as a result of convergent evolution.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is not true? Speciation is the process of creating new species There have been five mass extinctions preserved in the fossil record All living things can be classified into one of four taxonomic domains Some bacteria are autotrophs Current rates of extinction are higher than background extinction ratesarrow_forward
- Why is genetic variation among individuals beneficial? Genetic variation staves off extinction because it creates a fit population. Genetic variation leads to more new traits in the population which means evolution can occur faster. More genetic variation means higher rate of survival versus species that have less genetic variation. Some individuals will have inherited traits that give them a competitive advantage that make them more likely to survive and reproduce.arrow_forwardWhat evidence is there that the 15 species of finch all evolved from one common ancestor? DNA analysis shows that their DNA is almost identical with only minor changes. Scientists have been studying them since Darwin in 1835 and have watched them evolve. Observation of all 15 species shows that they look incredibly similar, with minor changes to beak size and shape. These 15 species are found nowhere else in the world, and the islands are located close enough to the mainland for birds to migrate.arrow_forwardThe evolution of one species into two or more species as a result of different populations becoming reproductively isolated from each other is best termed as adaptive radiation. True or False.arrow_forward
- My questionarrow_forward#13arrow_forwardWhy was Lyell's concept of uniformitarianism, which proposed that the Earth had been going through gradual geological changes over a much longer period of time than previously believed, important for the development of Darwin's ideas about natural selection? Geological catastrophes can reform the landscape and open new niches into which species can adapt and thrive It provided another argument against the Church's explanation for the creation of Earth It explained how vast mountain ranges could form to separate populations It explained the presence of fossils for species that no longer existed An old Earth provides enough time for the gradual process of evolution to take placearrow_forward
- In Oct 2022, a chilling discovery was made in Vuvatu, a country known for its extensive volcanic landscapes. Scientists found the remains of a large organism that had no resemblance to any current form of life on Earth. The organism also had no resemblance to any fossils ever found, including the very few fossils ever recovered from Vuvatu (fossils are rarely ever found in Vuvatu since volcanic landscapes are generally not conducive of fossilization). The world buzzed with the possibility that this was a crash site for an extraterrestrial body. An extensive study of the uncovered remains was conducted by many research facilities. Their conclusions regarding the organism’s features are listed below: Physical features: The organism has a surprisingly soft and malleable exoskeleton that reflects ambient light, creating mesmerizing patterns. In fact, the remains highly suggest that most of its body parts are soft and blubbery rather than rigid. Habitat: Given its relationship with…arrow_forwardIn Oct 2022, a chilling discovery was made in Vuvatu, a country known for its extensive volcanic landscapes. Scientists found the remains of a large organism that had no resemblance to any current form of life on Earth. The organism also had no resemblance to any fossils ever found, including the very few fossils ever recovered from Vuvatu (fossils are rarely ever found in Vuvatu since volcanic landscapes are generally not conducive of fossilization). The world buzzed with the possibility that this was a crash site for an extraterrestrial body. An extensive study of the uncovered remains was conducted by many research facilities. Their conclusions regarding the organism’s features are listed below: Physical features: The organism has a surprisingly soft and malleable exoskeleton that reflects ambient light, creating mesmerizing patterns. In fact, the remains highly suggest that most of its body parts are soft and blubbery rather than rigid. Habitat: Given its relationship with…arrow_forwardIn Oct 2022, a chilling discovery was made in Vuvatu, a country known for its extensive volcanic landscapes. Scientists found the remains of a large organism that had no resemblance to any current form of life on Earth. The organism also had no resemblance to any fossils ever found, including the very few fossils ever recovered from Vuvatu (fossils are rarely ever found in Vuvatu since volcanic landscapes are generally not conducive of fossilization). The world buzzed with the possibility that this was a crash site for an extraterrestrial body. An extensive study of the uncovered remains was conducted by many research facilities. Their conclusions regarding the organism's features are listed below: 1. Physical features: The organism has a surprisingly soft and malleable exoskeleton that reflects ambient light, creating mesmerizing patterns. In fact, the remains highly suggest that most of its body parts are soft and blubbery rather than rigid. 2. Habitat: Given its relationship with…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781305073951
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
FOSSIL FRIDAY: Primate Evolution | Grades 7-10; Author: Museum of the Rockies;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9tVLfvm3AFk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY