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Below, BIO indicates a problem with a biological or medical focus. Problems labeled EST ask you to estimate the answer to a quantitative problem rather than derive a specific answer. Asterisks indicate the level of difficulty of the problem. Problems with no * are considered to be the least difficult a single * marks moderately difficult problems. Two & indicate more difficult problems.
* For the following processes, choose the Initial and final states and describe the process using the physical quantities Internal energy, work, and heating. Explain why the process is irreversible. (a) A large foam ball is moving vertically up at speed v and reaches a maximum height h 'somewhat less than
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Chapter 16 Solutions
College Physics
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- The total consumption of electrical energy in the United States is about 1.37 x 1019 joules per year. ▼ Part A What is the average rate of electrical energy consumption in watts? VO ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Part B V Submit ΑΣΦ 4 If the population of the United States is 310 million, what is the average rate of electrical energy consumption per person? Give your answer in kilowatts per person. Request Answer B O ? 24 W 4 kW/personarrow_forwardUsing Thermodynamics and Work, Energy and Power A rubberized sphere contains carbon dioxide. If the initial radius of the sphere is 15cm:a. How much work is done if the carbon dioxide-filled sphere expanded to five times its originalvolume against the pressure at STP? Express your answer in L atm.b. Upon the expansion of the sphere, what is the kinetic energy of a single carbon dioxidemolecule if it travels across the diameter and covers it in 30ms? Assume that the spherecontains one mole of carbon dioxide. Express your answer in J.c. How much power can all the molecules in this sphere generate after 30s? Assume that thesphere contains one mole of carbon dioxide and that all molecules have the same kineticenergy. Express your answer in W. (Use the KE obtained from the previous required)arrow_forwardI Review I Constar An "energy bar" contains 25 g of carbohydrates. For the steps and strategies involved in solving a similar problem, you may view a Video Tutor Solution. Part A If the energy bar was his only fuel, how far could a 68 kg person walk at 5.0 km/h? Express your answer in meters. d = Submit Previous Answers Request Answerarrow_forward
- Answer the following questions: a.How will you explain the first law of thermodynamics? Give a specific example. b.What law explains the mechanism of heat engines? Support your answer. c. Why do machines are not 100% efficient?arrow_forwardThe light energy that falls on a square meter of ground over the course of a typical sunny day is about 20 MJ. The average rate of electric energy consumption in one house is 1.0 kW.a. On average, how much energy does one house use during each 24 h day?b. If light energy to electric energy conversion using solar cells is 15% efficient, how many square miles of land must be covered with solar cells to supply the electric energy for 250,000 houses? Assume there is no cloud cover.arrow_forwardAnswer Q1a, b & c explaining detailly each steparrow_forward
- A process occurs in which a system's potential energy decreases while the system does work on the environment. Does the system's kinetic energy increase, decrease, or stay the same? Or is there not enough information to tell? Explain. Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.arrow_forward600 J of work is done on a system in a process that decreases the thermal energy of the system by 300 J . How much heat energy is transferred to or from the system as heat? Enter positive value if the energy is transferred to the system and negative if the energy is transferred from the system. Express your answer in joules.arrow_forwardA certain heat engine does 12.0 kJ of work and 8.50 kJ heat transfer occurs to the environment in a cyclical process. a. What was the heat transfer (in kJ) into this engine? b. What was the engine's efficiency (in percent)?arrow_forward
- The entropy of the universe is continually on the increase. A. Correct B. Incorrectarrow_forwardA PHYS 1510 student was working on a robotics project. The joints on the machine they were building were powered by pistons. Based on how hot the machine was getting, the student was able to figure out that 2.34 J of thermal energy was produced by every piston every time the piston was fully extended to 0.4064 m. What was the force of friction that the piston experienced during every extension? Assume friction is the only source of thermal energy. Include units in Sl.arrow_forwardA person consumes about 2700 Cal a day. 1 Cal = 4186 J, and 1 kWh = 860 Cal. Part A What is this energy in joules? (2 sig figs) Part B What is this energy in kilowatt-hours? (2 sig figs) Part C If a power company charges about 10 ¢ per kilowatt-hour, how much would this energy cost per day if the person bought it from the power company? (2 sig figs)arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
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