College Physics
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134601823
Author: ETKINA, Eugenia, Planinšič, G. (gorazd), Van Heuvelen, Alan
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 10P
* Parachutists landing on island Parachutists have an equal chance of landing on the south half of a small island or the north half. If eight parachutists jump at one time, what is the ratio of the probability that six land on the north half and two on the south half to the probability that four land on each half?
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Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
■ Review | Constants
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol
of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas).
Part A
The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in
temperature.
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Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while
remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1RQCh. 16 - Prob. 2RQCh. 16 - Prob. 3RQCh. 16 - Prob. 4RQCh. 16 - Which of the following processes is reversible?...Ch. 16 - In physics the collision of billiard balls is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 16 - 4. When driving a car (the system), what object...Ch. 16 - 5. The law of energy conservation says that energy...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQ
Ch. 16 - Entropy can be calculated using which of the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - 9. When a drop of ink enters a glass of water and...Ch. 16 - 10. Choose the best reason why the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 16 - Which of the following changes will always...Ch. 16 - Entropy change is easier to determine for...Ch. 16 - 14. Describe five everyday examples of processes...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15CQCh. 16 - 16. In terms of the statistical definition of...Ch. 16 - 17. The entropy of the molecules that form leaves...Ch. 16 - Prob. 18CQCh. 16 - Below, BIO indicates a problem with a biological...Ch. 16 - Below, BIO indicates a problem with a biological...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3PCh. 16 - Below, BIO indicates a problem with a biological...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5PCh. 16 - 6. (a) Identify all of the macrostate...Ch. 16 - 7. * Repeat the previous problem for a system with...Ch. 16 - * Determine the ratio of the number of microstates...Ch. 16 - Prob. 9PCh. 16 - 10. * Parachutists landing on island Parachutists...Ch. 16 - Prob. 11PCh. 16 - * Nine numbered balls are dropped randomly into...Ch. 16 - * Rolling dice Two dice are rolled Macrostates of...Ch. 16 - 14.* (a) Apply your knowledge of probability to...Ch. 16 - Explain using your knowledge of probability why a...Ch. 16 - * EST Estimate the total change in entropy of two...Ch. 16 - 17. * EST (a) You add 0.1 kg of water at of iced...Ch. 16 - * Entropy change of a house A house at 20C...Ch. 16 - 19. ** Barrel of water in cellar in winter A...Ch. 16 - 20. * EST (a) Determine the final temperature when...Ch. 16 - * A 5.0-kg block slides on a level surface and...Ch. 16 - with the horizontal. Determine the entropy change...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - * BIO Efficiency of woman walking A 60-kg woman...Ch. 16 - Prob. 25PCh. 16 - 26. ** A cyclic process involving 1 mole of ideal...Ch. 16 - 27. ** A cyclic process involving 1 mole of ideal...Ch. 16 - Prob. 28PCh. 16 - Prob. 29PCh. 16 - Prob. 30PCh. 16 - Prob. 31PCh. 16 - 32. Rank the engines that operate with the...Ch. 16 - 33. Nuclear power plant A nuclear power plant...Ch. 16 - Prob. 34PCh. 16 - Prob. 35GPCh. 16 - W=AUint. W=(3.0)105N/m2 )(0.020m30.010m3)+0...Ch. 16 - * A thermodynamic engine operates between two...Ch. 16 - 38. * A refrigerator transfers 700 J of thermal...Ch. 16 - Prob. 39RPPCh. 16 - Prob. 40RPPCh. 16 - Fuel used to counter air resistance The resistive...Ch. 16 - Prob. 42RPPCh. 16 - Prob. 43RPPCh. 16 - The value of CA for a Ford Escape Hybrid is...
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