To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false. Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement, “The role of ATP hydrolysis in actin polymerization is similar to the role of GTP hydrolysis in tubulin polymerization: both serve to weaken the bonds in the polymer and thereby promote depolymerization”, is true or false.

Introduction: The actin filaments are the helical polymers of actin monomers and composed of two helical strands of F-actin molecules and two strands of tropomyosin molecules. The microtubules are hollow and cylindrical in structure and composed of with αβ-tubulin having two subunits such as α-tubulin and β-tubulin.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer: The statement is true.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

When ATP and GTP in actin filaments and in microtubules are hydrolyzed respectively, much of the free energy released. This is due to the cleavage of high-energy bond that is stored in the polymer lattice. The free energy of the ADP or GDP containing polymer is higher than that of the ATP or GTP containing polymer. Thus, the equilibrium shifts towards depolymerization.

Hence, the statement is true.

Answer 12

Ch. 16 - Prob. 1P Ch. 16 - Prob. 2P Ch. 16 - Prob. 3P Ch. 16 - Prob. 4P Ch. 16 - Prob. 5P Ch. 16 - Prob. 6P Ch. 16 - Prob. 7P Ch. 16 - Prob. 8P Ch. 16 - Prob. 9P Ch. 16 - Prob. 10P

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