Concept explainers
To contrast: Physical activity and exercise and to explain the ways by which both physcial acitivty and exercise can be related with lower risk of CHD and improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness.
Introduction: Coronary heart disease(CHD) occurs because of high cholesterol content in the arteries. Cholesterol deposits at the walls of arteries, making them narrower. The narrow arteries are unable to supply enough oxygen to the body. Cardiovascular fitness(CRF) allows the circulatory and respiratory systems of an individual to provide enough oxygen during physical exercise.

Explanation of Solution
The major difference between the physical activity and exercise is given as follows:
Criteria | Physical activity | Exercise |
Definition | Physical activity is the physical movement of muscles which help to burn calories in relation to muscles. | Exercise is planned, structured, and repetitive physical activity and helps to maintain a healthy life. |
The American Heart Association has told that physical inactivity leads to CHD. The epidemiological studies also show that increased physical activity reduced the death rate by CHD. Therefore, it is essential to use physical activity along with other therapies to reduce CHD.
Walking, jogging, running, swimming, cycling, dancing, and rowing are different types of physical exercise. CRF (cardiovascular fitness) is the capability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to transfer the oxygen. CRF depends on the proper frequency, duration, and intensity of the exercise to produce enough energy expenditure. The earlier intensity was the basis to structure the exercise to increase CRF. ACSM (American College of Sports Medicine) has recommended 20‑60 minutes of exercise sessions to increase CRF.
Exercise is a physical activity that is planned and structured to be healthy. Physical activity is the body movement. Exercise plays an important role to increase CRF and reduce CHD.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
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