College Physics: A Strategic Approach Plus Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (4th Edition) (What's New in Astronomy & Physics)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134641492
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 17CQ
A small boy and a grown woman both speak at approximately the same pitch. Nonetheless, it’s easy to tell which is which from listening to the sounds of their voices. How are you able to make this determination?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 16 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach Plus Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (4th Edition) (What's New in Astronomy & Physics)
Ch. 16 - Light can pass easily through water and through...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CQCh. 16 - Prob. 3CQCh. 16 - A guitarist finds that the pitch of one of her...Ch. 16 - Certain illnesses inflame your vocal cords,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6CQCh. 16 - Figure Q16.7 shows a standing sound wave in a tube...Ch. 16 - A typical flute is about 66 cm long. A piccolo is...Ch. 16 - Some pipes on a pipe organ are open at both ends,...Ch. 16 - If you pour liquid in a tall, narrow glass, you...
Ch. 16 - When you speak after breathing helium, in which...Ch. 16 - Prob. 14CQCh. 16 - A synthesizer is a keyboard instrument that can be...Ch. 16 - A small boy and a grown woman both speak at...Ch. 16 - Prob. 18MCQCh. 16 - At x = 3 cm, what is the earliest time that y will...Ch. 16 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 21MCQCh. 16 - A student in her physics lab measures the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23MCQCh. 16 - Resonances of the ear canal lead to increased...Ch. 16 - The frequency of the lowest standing-wave mode on...Ch. 16 - Suppose you pluck a string on a guitar and it...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.11 is a snapshot graph at t = 0 s of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2PCh. 16 - Prob. 3PCh. 16 - Prob. 4PCh. 16 - Prob. 5PCh. 16 - Prob. 6PCh. 16 - At t = 0 s, a small upward (positive y) pulse...Ch. 16 - You are holding one end of an elastic cord that is...Ch. 16 - A 2.0-m-long string is fixed at both ends and...Ch. 16 - Figure P16.10 shows a standing wave oscillating at...Ch. 16 - A bass guitar string is 89 cm long with a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12PCh. 16 - a. What are the three longest wavelengths for...Ch. 16 - Prob. 14PCh. 16 - Prob. 15PCh. 16 - Prob. 16PCh. 16 - The lowest note on a grand piano has a frequency...Ch. 16 - An experimenter finds that standing waves on a...Ch. 16 - Ocean waves of wavelength 26 m are moving directly...Ch. 16 - Prob. 20PCh. 16 - Prob. 21PCh. 16 - Prob. 22PCh. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - An organ pipe is made to play a low note at 27.5...Ch. 16 - The speed of sound in room temperature (20C) air...Ch. 16 - Parasaurolophus was a dinosaur whose...Ch. 16 - A drainage pipe running under a freeway is 30.0 m...Ch. 16 - Prob. 28PCh. 16 - Although the vocal tract is quite complicated, we...Ch. 16 - You know that you sound better when you sing in...Ch. 16 - A child has an ear canal that is 1.3 cm long. At...Ch. 16 - When a sound wave travels directly toward a hard...Ch. 16 - The first formant of your vocal system can be...Ch. 16 - When you voice the vowel sound in hat, you narrow...Ch. 16 - The first and second formants when you make an ee...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers emit sound waves along the...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers in a 20C room emit 686 Hz sound...Ch. 16 - In noisy factory environments, its possible to use...Ch. 16 - Two identical loudspeakers separated by distance d...Ch. 16 - Prob. 42PCh. 16 - Two identical loudspeakers 2.0 m apart are...Ch. 16 - Prob. 44PCh. 16 - Musicians can use beats to tune their instruments....Ch. 16 - A student waiting at a stoplight notices that her...Ch. 16 - Two strings are adjusted to vibrate at exactly 200...Ch. 16 - A flute player hears four beats per second when...Ch. 16 - Prob. 50GPCh. 16 - In addition to producing images, ultrasound can be...Ch. 16 - An 80-cm-long steel string with a linear density...Ch. 16 - Tendons are, essentially, elastic cords stretched...Ch. 16 - Spiders may tune strands of their webs to give...Ch. 16 - Prob. 56GPCh. 16 - Prob. 57GPCh. 16 - Prob. 58GPCh. 16 - Prob. 60GPCh. 16 - A 40-cm-long tube has a 40-cm-long insert that can...Ch. 16 - The width of a particular microwave oven is...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers located along the x-axis as shown...Ch. 16 - Two loudspeakers 42.0 m apart and facing each...Ch. 16 - Prob. 65GPCh. 16 - Two loudspeakers, 4.0 m apart and facing each...Ch. 16 - Piano tuners tune pianos by listening to the beats...Ch. 16 - A flutist assembles her flute in a room where the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 69GPCh. 16 - A Doppler blood flowmeter emits ultrasound at a...Ch. 16 - An ultrasound unit is being used to measure a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 72MSPPCh. 16 - Prob. 73MSPPCh. 16 - Prob. 74MSPPCh. 16 - Prob. 75MSPP
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