The concentrations of HCO 3 - , CO 3 2 − and H + ions in a 0.025 M H 2 CO 3 solution has to be calculated. Concept Information: Acid ionization constant K a : Acids ionize in water. Strong acids ionize completely whereas weak acids ionize to some limited extent. The degree to which a weak acid ionizes depends on the concentration of the acid and the equilibrium constant for the ionization. The ionization of a weak acid HA can be given as follows, HA (aq) → H + (aq) +A - (aq) The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below. K a = [ H + ][A - ] [ HA] Where, K a is acid ionization constant, [ H + ] is concentration of hydrogen ion [ A - ] is concentration of acid anion [ HA] is concentration of the acid To Calculate: The concentrations of HCO 3 - , CO 3 2 − and H + ions in a 0.25 M H 2 CO 3 solution
The concentrations of HCO 3 - , CO 3 2 − and H + ions in a 0.025 M H 2 CO 3 solution has to be calculated. Concept Information: Acid ionization constant K a : Acids ionize in water. Strong acids ionize completely whereas weak acids ionize to some limited extent. The degree to which a weak acid ionizes depends on the concentration of the acid and the equilibrium constant for the ionization. The ionization of a weak acid HA can be given as follows, HA (aq) → H + (aq) +A - (aq) The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below. K a = [ H + ][A - ] [ HA] Where, K a is acid ionization constant, [ H + ] is concentration of hydrogen ion [ A - ] is concentration of acid anion [ HA] is concentration of the acid To Calculate: The concentrations of HCO 3 - , CO 3 2 − and H + ions in a 0.25 M H 2 CO 3 solution
Solution Summary: The author calculates the acid ionization constant and equilibrium constant for a weak acid HA.
Predict the major organic product for this reaction.
3) The following molecule, chloral is a common precursor to chloral hydrate, an acetal type
molecule that was a first-generation anesthetic. Draw a mechanism that accounts for tis
formation and speculate why it does not require the use of an acid catalyst, like most
hemiacetal and acetal reaction: (10 pts)
H
H₂O
You are a Quality Manager for a very well-known food ingredient company that produces umami powder, and you are responsible for setting specification limits.
The net weight (in grams) of bags of unami powder is monitored by taking samples of six bags on an hourly basis during production. The label on every bag reports a contents of 1KG umami powder.
The process mean is μ = 1012 g, and when the process is properly adjusted, it varies with σ = 11 g.
QUESTION: Your organisation strives to ensure that >99.97% of bags of umami powder produced conforms to specification. What performance process index value is required to achieve this process yield?
Calculate PPK using the following formula:
Ppk = (USL – mean)/3 σ
Ppk = (mean -LSL)/ 3 σ
Chapter 16 Solutions
GEN COMBO CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST; ALEKS 360 2S ACCESS CARD CHEMISTRY:ATOMS FIRST
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