Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321971371
Author: Leroy G. Wade, Jan W. Simek
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 16.49SP
The proton NMR chemical shifts of the hydrogens in pyridine are shown. These are typical
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Rank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic
aromatic substitution.
Explanation
Check
CF3
(Choose one)
OH
(Choose one)
H
(Choose one)
(Choose one)
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Identifying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects
For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the
benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene.
Molecule
Inductive Effects
Resonance Effects
Overall Electron-Density
CF3
O donating
O donating
O electron-rich
O withdrawing
withdrawing
O no inductive effects
O no resonance effects
O electron-deficient
O similar to benzene
OCH3
Explanation
Check
O donating
O donating
○ withdrawing
withdrawing
O no inductive effects
no resonance effects
electron-rich
electron-deficient
O similar to benzene
Х
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The acid-base chemistry of both EDTA and EBT are important to ensuring that the reactions proceed as desired, thus the pH is controlled using a buffer. What percent of the EBT indicator will be in the desired HIn2- state at pH = 10.5. pKa1 = 6.2 and pKa2 = 11.6 of EBT
Chapter 16 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.1PCh. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2PCh. 16.2 - a. Draw the resonance forms of benzene,...Ch. 16.2 - Show the product of the Diels-Alder dimerization...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.5PCh. 16.6 - Make a model of cyclooctatetraene in the tub...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 16.7PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.8PCh. 16.7 - Prob. 16.9PCh. 16.8A - a. Draw the molecular orbitals for the...
Ch. 16.8A - Repeat Problem16-10 for the cyclopentadienyl ions....Ch. 16.8C - Explain why each compound or ion should be...Ch. 16.8C - The following hydrocarbon has an unusually large...Ch. 16.8C - Prob. 16.14PCh. 16.8C - Prob. 16.15PCh. 16.9B - Prob. 16.16PCh. 16.9C - Show which of the nitrogen atoms in purine are...Ch. 16.9C - The proton NMR spectrum of 2-pyridone gives the...Ch. 16.9D - Prob. 16.19PCh. 16.9D - Prob. 16.20PCh. 16.10 - Prob. 16.21PCh. 16.12 - Ciprofloxacin is a member of the fluoroquinolone...Ch. 16.13 - Draw and name all the chlorinated benzenes having...Ch. 16.13 - Name the following compounds:Ch. 16.15 - The UV spectrum of 1-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol shows an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.26SPCh. 16 - Name the following compounds:Ch. 16 - Draw and name all the methyl, dimethyl, and...Ch. 16 - Four pairs of compounds are shown. In each pair,...Ch. 16 - One of the following hydrocarbons is much more...Ch. 16 - In Kekuls time cyclohexane was unknown, and there...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.32SPCh. 16 - Azulene is a deep-blue hydrocarbon with resonance...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.34SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.35SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.36SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.37SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.38SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.39SPCh. 16 - Biphenyl has the following structure. a. Is...Ch. 16 - Anions of hydrocarbons are rare, and dianions of...Ch. 16 - How would you convert the following compounds to...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.43SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.44SPCh. 16 - A student found an old bottle labeled thymol on...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.46SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.47SPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.48SPCh. 16 - The proton NMR chemical shifts of the hydrogens in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.50SPCh. 16 - NMR has been used to probe many molecular...
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- For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density × NO2 ○ donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O electron-rich electron-deficient no inductive effects O no resonance effects O similar to benzene E [ CI O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Explanation Check ○ donating withdrawing no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Accesarrow_forwardUnderstanding how substituents activate Rank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation HN NH2 Check X (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Aarrow_forwardIdentifying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects on benzene For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density Molecule CF3 O donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene CH3 O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects O donating O withdrawing Ono resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Explanation Check Х © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward
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