Chapter 16, Problem 16.27QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

When $\text{50 mL of 0}{\text{.3 M HClO}}_{\text{4}}\text{ and 50 mL of 0}\text{.4 M KOH}$ are mixed, the pH of the solution has to be estimated.

Concept introduction:

Estimating the pH of Mixtures of Acids and Bases:

If $H_3{O}^{+}$ ion is present in the solution the pH of the solution is $\text{1}$. If ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ion is present in the solution the pH of the solution is $\text{14}$.

If $H_3{O}^{+}$ ion concentration is equal to ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ concentration, the solution neutral and the pH of the solution is $7$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

When $\text{100 mL of 0}{\text{.3 M HClO}}_{\text{4}}\text{ and 50 mL of 0}\text{.4 M NaOH}$ are mixed, the pH of the solution has to be estimated.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

When $\text{150 mL of 0}{\text{.3 M HClO}}_{\text{4 }}\text{and 100 mL of 0}{\text{.3 M Ba(OH)}}_{\text{2}}$ are mixed, the pH of the solution has to be estimated.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

When $\text{200 mL of 0}{\text{.3 M HClO}}_{\text{4 }}\text{and 100 mL of 0}{\text{.3 M Ba(OH)}}_{\text{2}}$ are mixed, the pH of the solution has to be estimated.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)