Chapter 15.9, Problem 3LO

Summary Introduction

To list: The various chromosomal mutations and their effects.

Introduction: Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule. All these chromosomes must be compacted in order to fit the nucleus of the cell. All eukaryotic organisms contain chromosomes, and the number of chromosomes varies in different organisms. In humans and several other species, diploid (2n) number of chromosomes is present. Therefore, for humans, the diploid and haploid numbers are 46 and 23, respectively. The diploid number of chromosomes indicates that each parent contributes equally to the offspring. The variant forms of a particular gene located at the same genetic locus or position on a chromosome are regarded as alleles.